# Villanueva - Jaramillo - PSME - ITRDB MEXI089 #---------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #---------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/20895 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-tree-20895.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Tree Ring # # Dataset_DOI: # # Science_Keywords: #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/northamerica/mexico/mexi089-rwl-noaa.txt # Data_Download_Description: RWL File; Raw Measurements - NOAA Template File # # Related_Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/northamerica/mexico/mexi089.rwl # Related_Online_Description: RWL File; Raw Measurements - Tucson Decadal File # # Supplemental_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/correlation-stats/mexi089.txt # Supplemental_Description: Text File; Correlation Stats # #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2016-07-27 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2016-07-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Villanueva - Jaramillo - PSME - ITRDB MEXI089 #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Villanueva, J. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-04. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: David W. Stahle, Edward R. Cook, Dorian J. Burnette, Jose Villanueva, Julian Cerano, Jordan N. Burns, Daniel Griffin, Benjamin I. Cook, Rodolfo Acuna, Max C.A. Torbenson, Paul Sjezner, Ian M. Howard # Journal_Name: Quaternary Science Reviews # Published_Title: The Mexican Drought Atlas: Tree-ring reconstructions of the soil moisture balance during the late pre-Hispanic, colonial, and modern eras # Published_Date_or_Year: 2016 # Volume: 149 # Pages: 34-60 # Issue: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.06.018 # Full_Citation: None # Abstract: Mexico has suffered a long history and prehistory of severe sustained drought. Drought over Mexico is modulated by ocean-atmospheric variability in the Atlantic and Pacific, raising the possibility for long-range seasonal climate forecasting, which could help mediate the economic and social impacts of future dry spells. The instrumental record of Mexican climate is very limited before 1920, but tree-ring chronologies developed from old-growth forests in Mexico can provide an excellent proxy representation of the spatial pattern and intensity of past moisture regimes useful for the analysis of climate dynamics and climate impacts. The Mexican Drought Atlas (MXDA) has been developed from an extensive network of 252 climate sensitive tree-ring chronologies in and near Mexico. The MXDA reconstructions extend from 1400 CE-2012 and were calibrated with the instrumental summer (JJA) self-calibrating Palmer Drought Severity Index (scPDSI) on a 0.5 latitude/longitude grid extending over land areas from 14 to 34N and 75-120W using Ensemble Point-by-Point Regression (EPPR) for the 1944-1984 period. The grid point reconstructions were validated for the period 1920-1943 against instrumental gridded scPDSI values based on the fewer weather station observations available during that interval. The MXDA provides a new spatial perspective on the historical impacts of moisture extremes over Mexico during the past 600-years, including the Aztec Drought of One Rabbit in 1454, the drought of El Ano de Hambre in 1785-1786, and the drought that preceded the Mexican Revolution of 1909-1910. # The El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most important ocean-atmospheric forcing of moisture variability detected with the MXDA. In fact, the reconstructions suggest that the strongest central equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) teleconnection to the soil moisture balance over North America may reside in northern Mexico. This ENSO signal has stronger and more time-stable correlations than computed for either the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation or Pacific Decadal Oscillation. The extended Multivariate ENSO Index is most highly correlated with reconstructed scPDSI over northern Mexico, where warm events favor moist conditions during the winter, spring, and early summer. This ENSO teleconnection to northern Mexico has been strong over the past 150 years, but it has been comparatively weak and non-stationary in the MXDA over central and southern Mexico where eastern tropical Pacific and Caribbean/tropical Atlantic SSTs seem to be more important. The ENSO teleconnection to northern Mexico is weaker in the available instrumental PDSI, but analyses based on the millennium climate simulations with the Community Earth System Model suggest that the moisture balance during the winter, spring, and early summer over northern Mexico may indeed be particularly sensitive to ENSO forcing. Nationwide drought is predicted to become more common with anthropogenic climate change, but the MXDA reconstructions indicate that intense "All Mexico" droughts have been rare over the past 600 years and their frequency does not appear to have increased substantially in recent decades. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Jaramillo # Location: Mexico # Northernmost_Latitude: 20.204 # Southernmost_Latitude: 20.204 # Easternmost_Longitude: -98.717 # Westernmost_Longitude: -98.717 # Elevation_m: 2319 #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: MEXI089 # First_Year: 1905 # Last_Year: 2001 # Time_Unit: CE # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: ring width # Notes: #-------------------- # Species # Species_Name: Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco # Common_Name: Douglas-fir # Tree_Species_Code: PSME #-------------------- # Variables # # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by '##' in columns one and two. # Variables format: shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age_CE age,,,year Common Era,,tree ring,,,N, ## JAR03A_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR03A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR03B_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR03B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR05A_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR05A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR05B_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR05B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR06A_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR06A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR06B_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR06B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR07A_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR07A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR07B_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR07B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR11A_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR11A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR13A_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR13A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR13B_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR13B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR14A_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR14A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR14B_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR14B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR15A_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR15A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR15B_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR15B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR16A_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR16A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR16B_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR16B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR18A_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR18A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR21A_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR21A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR21B_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR21B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR24A_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR24A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR24B_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR24B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR26A_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR26A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR26B_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR26B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## JAR27B_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: JAR27B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 #--------------------- # Data: # Missing_Values: NA age_CE JAR03A_raw JAR03B_raw JAR05A_raw JAR05B_raw JAR06A_raw JAR06B_raw JAR07A_raw JAR07B_raw JAR11A_raw JAR13A_raw JAR13B_raw JAR14A_raw JAR14B_raw JAR15A_raw JAR15B_raw JAR16A_raw JAR16B_raw JAR18A_raw JAR21A_raw JAR21B_raw JAR24A_raw JAR24B_raw JAR26A_raw JAR26B_raw JAR27B_raw 1905 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 6.099 NA NA NA NA 1906 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4.339 NA NA NA NA 1907 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 5.28 6 NA NA NA 1908 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4.909 4.779 NA NA NA 1909 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4.829 5 NA NA NA 1910 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 8.49 7.16 NA NA NA 1911 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 7.2 5.369 NA NA NA 1912 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 6.449 6.87 NA NA NA 1913 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 7.53 5.959 NA NA NA 1914 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 8.319 4.92 NA NA NA 1915 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 7.829 5.34 NA NA NA 1916 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 5.98 4.539 NA NA NA 1917 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 5.379 4.34 NA NA NA 1918 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 6.319 4.58 NA NA NA 1919 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4.52 5.409 NA NA NA 1920 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 5.049 6.13 NA NA NA 1921 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4.45 5.549 NA NA NA 1922 NA 2.565 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.129 3.52 NA NA NA 1923 NA 4.118 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.95 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4.9 3.76 NA NA NA 1924 NA 2.843 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.968 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.879 4.029 NA NA NA 1925 NA 5.704 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.777 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4.779 4.709 NA NA NA 1926 6.478 4.08 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.574 4.26 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4.709 4.75 NA NA NA 1927 3.44 2.686 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4.069 4.01 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.27 3.769 NA NA NA 1928 5.568 4.43 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4.629 3.569 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.629 3.06 NA NA NA 1929 3.23 2.354 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.799 4.69 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.11 3.039 NA NA NA 1930 5.69 4.298 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4.193 2.75 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4.33 3.68 NA NA NA 1931 5.413 4.802 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4.552 4.219 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.91 3.36 NA NA NA 1932 3.386 3.173 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.23 2.26 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.159 2.209 NA NA NA 1933 1.092 0.694 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.83 0.389 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.98 2.24 NA NA NA 1934 3.511 3.041 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.311 1.979 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.589 3.059 NA NA NA 1935 2.356 1.259 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.27 1.5 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.36 2.22 NA NA NA 1936 3.326 2.718 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.656 1.07 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.869 2.86 NA NA NA 1937 5.984 5.465 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.843 3.939 NA NA 7.28 5.025 NA NA NA NA NA 3.58 4.059 NA NA NA 1938 5.97 5.031 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.876 4.139 NA 2.299 5.398 4.117 NA NA NA NA NA 3.029 3.57 NA NA NA 1939 4.548 3.762 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.265 2.94 NA 1.858 4.876 2.612 NA NA NA NA NA 2.77 2.849 NA NA NA 1940 4.346 3.693 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.722 2.439 NA 2.426 5.097 3.904 NA NA NA NA NA 2.339 2.51 NA NA NA 1941 5.398 4.782 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.736 3.02 NA 2.902 0.938 2.244 NA NA NA NA NA 3.22 3.509 NA 7.699 NA 1942 3.82 3.782 NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.19 2.389 2.43 NA 2.036 0.675 0.933 NA NA NA NA NA 1.86 2.889 NA 4.251 NA 1943 2.529 2.1 NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.287 2.603 2.079 NA 1.743 0.43 0.783 NA NA NA NA NA 2.169 2.94 2.523 1.902 NA 1944 3.43 2.434 NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.761 3.111 3.42 NA 3.212 0.631 0.351 NA NA NA NA NA 2.24 2.33 2.539 2.631 NA 1945 2.555 1.544 NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.744 1.904 2.09 NA 2.911 1.101 0.494 NA NA NA NA NA 1.059 1.679 3.959 4.236 NA 1946 5.324 2.609 NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.519 2.772 2.759 3.161 5.349 1.371 0.965 NA NA NA NA 7.171 0.66 1.11 6.859 7.268 NA 1947 5.834 4.004 NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.366 3.939 3.67 5.381 5.522 2.213 2.498 NA NA NA NA 5.782 1.619 1.229 6.319 6.962 NA 1948 7.611 5.891 NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.634 3.803 3.969 4.617 5.687 2.072 2.603 NA NA NA 7.586 4.638 2.58 0.84 9.222 7.197 NA 1949 4.305 3.555 NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.436 1.968 2.34 5.564 3.67 1.788 3.424 NA NA NA 4.69 3.378 2.759 1.319 3.632 5.351 NA 1950 4.161 2.856 NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.177 1.259 1.619 2.854 3.118 2.002 4.122 NA NA NA 1.838 2.055 1.79 0.639 3.732 4.433 NA 1951 2.425 1.541 NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.174 1.665 2.74 2.781 4.418 1.968 4.619 NA NA NA 0.552 0.562 2 0.83 4.027 3.788 NA 1952 3.148 2.55 NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.586 1.787 2.819 3.243 4.935 2.886 5.048 NA NA NA 0.658 0.472 2.479 0.979 4.143 3.798 5.883 1953 3.55 2.684 NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.493 1.759 2.569 3.502 4.168 3.618 6.169 NA NA NA 1.753 1.63 2.25 0.919 3.367 3.061 6.895 1954 3.746 3.053 10.68 NA NA NA 4.765 NA 4.251 2.629 3.389 3.593 4.496 5.743 6.711 5.323 NA NA 3.558 2.921 3.089 0.93 2.329 2.8 5.911 1955 2.62 2.41 8.879 NA NA NA 3.395 NA 2.456 1.234 1.529 2.453 3.073 2.966 3.719 4.051 NA NA 2.688 3.378 1.5 0.919 0.771 1.742 2.892 1956 4.283 4.005 9.899 NA 5.94 5.091 4.896 NA 4.922 2.316 2.47 3.825 4.183 4.141 4.651 5.286 NA NA 4.415 4.738 2.72 1.059 2.381 2.61 3.012 1957 2.593 2.356 10 NA 11.708 7.912 3.632 NA 2.314 1.328 1.939 2.901 3.199 3.856 4.501 4.864 4.381 NA 1.822 1.619 1.16 0.73 1.593 1.581 3.408 1958 3.496 2.572 8.139 NA 11.234 4.676 6.753 NA 3.802 2.089 2.62 4.706 4.328 2.219 3.137 6.049 5.484 2.578 2.781 2.587 2.66 0.979 2.558 2.776 2.25 1959 2.929 2.738 9.28 NA 8.304 8.315 6.874 NA 5.456 2.236 3.569 4.552 4.098 3.61 3.171 6.065 6.383 3.046 3.506 3.641 2.22 1.25 4.722 5.048 2.646 1960 2.467 2.134 8.209 NA 4.425 3.243 6.262 NA 2.444 1.181 2.239 2.923 2.606 3.697 3.31 4.142 4.445 1.888 2.74 2.715 1.379 0.83 2.487 2.866 2.393 1961 1.886 1.815 6.44 NA 4.252 3.311 7.076 NA 3.634 1.277 1.93 1.887 1.587 3.445 3 4.783 4.528 2.822 2.391 2.66 1.71 0.659 1.221 1.44 2.601 1962 3.23 2.947 8.099 NA 6.038 5.923 9.799 NA 3.587 1.166 2.38 2.659 2.732 5.335 3.962 5.973 5.103 2.638 4.091 3.924 2.139 0.65 2.597 2.723 4.756 1963 1.656 1.7 2.47 3.305 4.171 4.846 4.208 7.336 2.378 1.079 1.829 2.197 2.479 3.123 2.613 4.416 2.917 3.249 3.586 2.962 1.919 0.479 1.986 2.677 3.717 1964 1.945 2.152 5.09 8.217 4.473 5.464 6.558 5.713 3.576 0.924 2.14 3.875 6.894 3.933 3.385 4.516 3.777 2.838 4.166 2.217 1.649 0.529 2.458 3.603 6.534 1965 2.351 2.375 3.479 4.668 3.51 4.138 7.318 6.207 3.052 1.458 2.849 5.524 6.96 4.47 3.705 4.752 4.065 2.437 3.907 1.683 2.15 0.77 1.986 2.367 5.406 1966 3.152 2.498 3.569 4.885 4.082 6.185 6.113 6.368 4.286 1.206 2.279 4.041 4.618 3.506 3.142 4.091 3.435 2.732 5.968 2.569 2.059 0.99 2.627 2.799 2.717 1967 3.408 2.263 3.27 6.213 3.873 7.024 5.769 5.914 3.767 1.692 2.5 5.316 6.034 4.559 3.877 5.038 4.723 2.326 4.419 1.959 1.779 0.659 2.281 2.72 3.062 1968 3.182 2.304 3.059 7.006 4.857 8.475 5.715 3.993 4.239 2.191 2.37 6.262 5.576 3.987 3.021 4.194 3.888 2.783 3.875 2.34 2.3 1.13 2.308 3.513 3.208 1969 1.878 1.498 2.75 6.282 1.564 3.232 5.1 3.534 2.93 1.294 1.329 3.802 3.72 3.301 3.183 3.492 3.598 2.1 1.565 1.416 1.789 0.669 0.857 1.17 1.383 1970 1.542 1.389 5 8.498 3.805 9.51 4.043 2.479 5.035 1.086 1.04 3.287 3.618 2.371 1.606 4.08 4.293 3.395 2.123 2.24 2.309 0.779 1.007 1.455 2.467 1971 1.584 1.566 4.12 7.671 6.719 9.745 5.134 3.405 5.332 1.084 0.9 2.218 2.474 2.603 2.742 4.276 3.878 3.285 2.899 3.206 2.06 0.82 0.55 1.376 2.489 1972 1.993 2.157 4.619 9.313 4.384 9.986 6.756 3.305 6.371 1.163 1.029 2.861 2.659 2.824 3.195 4.277 3.761 4.205 4.493 5.011 2.86 0.72 1.089 2.793 3.386 1973 1.792 1.984 3.04 7.327 3.16 6.184 5.862 4.06 4.457 1.114 1.25 2.519 2.98 2.743 3.041 3.54 3.44 3.45 4.222 4.376 1.479 0.509 0.352 1.589 3.09 1974 2.618 2.664 3.319 8.035 3.391 7.805 7.198 4.669 6.126 1.279 1.459 3.201 3.283 4.202 3.649 4.472 4.698 3.876 4.967 5.987 2.389 0.699 0.382 1.447 3.027 1975 2.176 2 3.86 8.111 3.062 6.318 6.066 3.951 6.326 1.057 1.29 2.82 2.901 4.337 4.601 4.348 4.665 4.155 5.157 5.446 2.61 0.69 0.388 0.647 4.651 1976 4.254 3.281 4.149 7.718 4.186 6.955 8.142 6.288 6.86 1.558 2.239 4.373 5.851 3.161 3.571 3.722 3.555 5.034 7.762 8.168 2.27 1.07 1.303 2.54 7.553 1977 2.947 2.397 2.69 6.528 2.729 4.327 5.757 4.05 4.673 1.539 1.94 3.625 4.684 0.777 1.136 3.039 3.259 3.338 4.925 5.459 1.169 0.839 1.114 2.727 6.706 1978 4.018 2.569 2.05 4.548 3.25 4.833 5.293 3.669 4.839 1.736 2.149 4.987 5.332 0.583 1.186 3.732 4.455 3.068 3.538 3.163 2.069 1.139 1.277 4.303 4.337 1979 3.069 1.96 1.779 2.083 2.344 4.038 3.995 2.61 3.719 1.586 1.74 3.908 3.395 0.992 2.036 3.498 3.48 2.36 2.43 3.263 1.059 0.819 1.318 2.719 2.407 1980 4.35 2.333 3.4 5.974 1.982 3.255 4.089 2.681 4.558 1.742 2.479 4.421 4.151 1.895 3.313 4.19 5.238 2.566 3.233 3.181 1.66 0.84 1.317 3.683 1.958 1981 1.291 0.927 1.419 2.441 0.763 0.964 3.167 1.824 3.99 1.128 1.479 2.729 2.277 2.44 2.675 1.889 2.601 2.439 3.232 2.861 1.08 1.009 1.463 2.867 0.883 1982 0.668 0.475 0.539 1.36 0.301 0.934 1.005 0.375 0.889 1.42 1.139 2.033 1.313 3.259 2.74 1.21 1.544 1.269 1.035 1.18 0.889 0.66 0.386 0.669 0.373 1983 1.007 0.655 0.839 1.256 1.191 1.649 1.757 1.002 2.978 1.013 1.18 2.022 1.684 1.752 2.026 1.15 1.101 1.474 2.77 1.998 0.96 0.729 0.678 1.024 0.835 1984 1.052 0.611 0.93 1.913 1.954 3.342 2.41 1.644 3.559 0.821 1.489 2.454 1.977 3.671 3.621 2.039 2.364 1.188 2.798 2.694 0.459 0 1.023 1.405 1.274 1985 2 0.993 1.47 3.333 3.382 5.017 5.392 2.37 4.749 1.382 2.04 2.509 2.457 5.091 3.889 2.763 3.571 1.486 3.031 3.129 1.38 1.339 1.771 2.227 3.8 1986 3.24 1.486 1.339 4.77 3.944 5.052 3.184 1.283 4.473 1.879 3.019 3.044 2.585 4.86 4.096 2.992 3.809 1.607 1.634 1.157 1.709 1.3 2.04 3.048 8.005 1987 2.399 1.423 1.039 2.826 1.602 1.899 2.188 1.076 2.485 1.188 2.22 2.419 2.11 2.832 2.576 2.289 2.361 0.972 0.589 0.257 0.93 0.94 1.399 1.733 4.289 1988 1.888 1.412 1.04 2.561 1.417 1.461 1.888 0.833 2.061 0.821 1.46 2.121 2.133 2.264 2.113 0.843 1.57 0.645 0.692 0.283 0.83 0.779 0.849 0.847 2.913 1989 2.401 1.665 1.16 3.83 2.608 2.854 3.208 1.344 4.173 1.108 1.589 2.328 3.033 3.516 3.246 1.489 2.089 1.96 1.426 0.99 1.309 1.039 0.889 1.093 3.548 1990 2.404 1.458 0.86 5.218 6.106 5.304 6.082 2.226 4.477 1.263 1.83 3.018 4.905 3.797 3.791 1.511 2.048 3.472 1.987 2.88 0.989 0.73 1.072 1.266 3.679 1991 2.126 1.246 0.75 7.093 7.947 5.919 4.335 2.21 4.146 0.967 1.43 2.481 3.656 3.085 3.468 1.1 1.708 2.798 2.205 3.279 1.13 0.879 0.894 1.155 3.106 1992 3.32 2.606 1.589 6.113 8.718 8.113 3.906 2.147 6.257 1.298 2.559 5.335 5.205 5.36 4.723 1.585 2.597 3.687 2.893 3.492 1.899 6.69 1.611 1.947 4.771 1993 1.134 0.889 1.91 3.943 7.121 8.091 2.085 1.111 4.231 0.877 1.709 2.519 3.1 4.714 3.802 1.142 2 2.389 2.285 3.186 1.089 3.08 0.87 0.936 2.423 1994 1.623 1.223 2.989 6.194 6.781 6.45 1.923 1.567 4.233 0.895 2.22 1.264 2.729 4.335 4.279 1.027 1.949 2.121 1.925 3.136 1.48 3.389 1.104 1.234 2.804 1995 1.014 0.975 2.23 4.026 5.108 4.613 2.039 1.258 3.931 0.878 1.889 1.376 2.807 2.926 3.119 0.457 1.082 1.622 2.153 3.457 1.32 2.16 0.77 1.376 1.707 1996 1.38 0.968 3.169 4.216 4.938 4.606 2.012 1.049 3.111 0.845 1.73 1.473 2.511 4.028 4.311 0.739 2.328 1.625 4.429 4.402 2.649 1.83 0.82 1.727 1.807 1997 1.337 0.988 2.009 3.947 3.873 3.72 2.14 1.253 2.494 0.985 2.699 2.397 2.737 3.542 3.879 0.94 1.972 2.445 2.511 2.653 1.779 1.839 0.307 2.222 2.882 1998 0.34 0.438 2 2.389 2.42 2.91 1.857 0.921 0.792 0.473 0.869 1.492 1.304 1.915 2.642 0.354 0.93 1.546 1.025 0.994 1.17 0.729 0.425 0.376 1.688 1999 0.842 1.018 1.119 3.097 2.235 1.582 1.799 1.335 1.091 0.63 1.199 1.848 1.972 2.976 3.283 0.575 1.181 2.96 1.414 1.645 1.599 0.76 0.271 1.02 1.518 2000 0.847 0.944 0.2 1.242 1.143 0.636 1.392 1.087 0.546 0.541 0.93 1.817 1.566 3.139 3.91 0.798 0.994 4.47 0.723 1.12 0.89 0.399 0.094 0.5 1.17 2001 1.477 1.126 0.519 0.395 1.179 0.653 1.179 0.944 1.203 0.871 1.489 2.278 1.616 1.578 2.33 0.498 0.743 1.381 1.419 1.496 0.91 0.69 0.474 1.049 1.579