Hokkaido, Japan Warm Season Temperature Reconstruction ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE CONTRIBUTORS WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Hokkaido, Japan Warm Season Temperature Reconstruction LAST UPDATE: 3/2007. Unpublished May–September reconstruction series was inadvertently archived in this file 4/2006. Correct, published April– September temperature reconstruction substituted in this file 3/12/2007. CONTRIBUTOR: Nicole Davi, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2006-042 SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Davi, N., et al. 2006. Hokkaido, Japan Warm Season Temperature Reconstruction. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2006-042. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Davi, N., R. D'Arrigo, G.C. Jacoby, B. Buckley, and O. Kobayashi. 2001. Warm-season annual to decadal temperature variability for Hokkaido, Japan, inferred from maximum latewood density (AD 1557-1990) and ring width data (AD 1532-1990). Climatic Change 52(1): 201-217. ABSTRACT: We present a warm season (April–September) temperature reconstruction for Asahikawa, north central Hokkaido, Japan for AD 1557–1990. The reconstruction, which accounts for 34% of the temperature variance from 1925–1990, is based on maximum latewood density data from Saghalin spruce (Picea glehnii) growing at timberline (1340–1390 m) at Mount Asahidake, Hokkaido. We only present a high frequency (prewhitened or white noise) version of the reconstruction because there is an unexplained offset in the mean between the actual and estimated temperature data for an earlier period of overlap from 1891–1924. The coldest summer in the reconstruction is 1718, for which the estimated value is 12.89°C, nearly four standard deviations (SD) below the mean. A colder-than-average year is reconstructed for 1641 (13.30°C, nearly 3 SD below mean), following the eruption of Komagatake, Hokkaido which began in July, 1640. The Asahikawa density chronology, shows decadal modes of variation with statistically significant spectral peaks prior to around 1850. A tree-ring width chronology for this same site (AD 1532–1990) is in phase with a tree-ring width record from central Kamchatka prior to around 1850, but out of phase since that time. This pattern suggests, as has been hypothesized for temperature-sensitive tree-ring records from the eastern Pacific sector (Alaska and Patagonia), that a decadal mode of climate variation was more dominant in the Pacific sector prior to about 1850, after which a higher frequency (ENSO-type) mode may have become more pronounced, at least until recent decades. Additional data from the northwestern Pacific is needed to compare to these findings. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Northern Japan, northwest Pacific. PERIOD OF RECORD: 1557 - 1997 AD FUNDING SOURCE: NOAA Office of Global Programs Grant No. 56GP0235/86GP0435. DESCRIPTION: Warm season (April–September) temperature reconstruction for Asahikawa, north central Hokkaido, Japan. Saghalin spruce (Picea glehnii) were sampled from an open canopy site near elevational tree-line (1340–1390 m) at Mt. Asahidake. The temperature reconstruction was developed using simple linear regression analysis. Also presented are 50-yr, 25-yr, and 10-yr moving averages. The tree ring data are available in the International Tree Ring Data Bank at the NOAA/WDC Paleo website: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treering.html Ringwidth sites used in this study: JAPA008 DATA: Column 1: Calendar Year Column 2: Asahikawa Warm season (April–September) temperature reconstruction, deg.C. Column 3: Asahikawa Warm season temperature reconstruction, 50 yr. moving average Column 4: Asahikawa Warm season temperature reconstruction, 25 yr. moving average Column 5: Asahikawa Warm season temperature reconstruction, 10 yr. moving average YEAR RECON 50 yr 25yr 10-yr 1557 14.452 14.576 14.595 14.613 1558 14.936 14.576 14.591 14.613 1559 14.387 14.577 14.585 14.596 1560 14.917 14.577 14.581 14.573 1561 13.959 14.577 14.576 14.553 1562 14.834 14.578 14.573 14.556 1563 14.759 14.578 14.570 14.559 1564 14.489 14.579 14.568 14.558 1565 13.996 14.580 14.567 14.572 1566 15.122 14.581 14.568 14.608 1567 14.657 14.582 14.568 14.620 1568 14.657 14.583 14.568 14.606 1569 14.164 14.584 14.569 14.577 1570 15.048 14.585 14.571 14.545 1571 14.806 14.587 14.575 14.490 1572 13.568 14.589 14.581 14.442 1573 14.694 14.590 14.590 14.456 1574 14.499 14.593 14.603 14.509 1575 14.461 14.595 14.617 14.581 1576 15.289 14.597 14.630 14.653 1577 14.071 14.599 14.641 14.709 1578 14.610 14.600 14.648 14.782 1579 15.215 14.601 14.651 14.849 1580 15.094 14.602 14.647 14.862 1581 14.806 14.602 14.636 14.813 1582 14.424 14.603 14.621 14.728 1583 14.768 14.602 14.602 14.631 1584 15.113 14.603 14.582 14.515 1585 13.903 14.603 14.564 14.397 1586 13.857 14.604 14.552 14.348 1587 14.396 14.605 14.546 14.388 1588 14.322 14.608 14.547 14.475 1589 15.196 14.611 14.554 14.549 1590 14.964 14.614 14.563 14.554 1591 14.061 14.618 14.576 14.506 1592 14.620 14.623 14.592 14.470 1593 14.089 14.628 14.614 14.478 1594 14.285 14.633 14.638 14.558 1595 14.722 14.639 14.665 14.692 1596 15.066 14.645 14.689 14.827 1597 15.141 14.650 14.709 14.910 1598 15.075 14.655 14.721 14.921 1599 14.908 14.659 14.726 14.873 1600 14.768 14.663 14.724 14.803 1601 13.903 14.667 14.718 14.753 1602 15.494 14.671 14.709 14.744 1603 14.536 14.674 14.696 14.723 1604 14.629 14.678 14.682 14.691 1605 15.085 14.681 14.667 14.645 1606 14.043 14.685 14.653 14.585 1607 14.945 14.690 14.642 14.538 1608 14.424 14.695 14.635 14.500 1609 14.378 14.700 14.633 14.489 1610 14.071 14.707 14.637 14.526 1611 15.001 14.714 14.646 14.606 1612 14.573 14.722 14.658 14.684 1613 15.038 14.730 14.672 14.741 1614 14.992 14.738 14.686 14.765 1615 13.782 14.747 14.701 14.777 1616 15.438 14.756 14.717 14.806 1617 15.010 14.765 14.732 14.796 1618 14.843 14.774 14.747 14.740 1619 14.638 14.783 14.762 14.670 1620 13.950 14.792 14.781 14.635 1621 14.694 14.801 14.802 14.665 1622 15.634 14.809 14.826 14.719 1623 14.061 14.817 14.850 14.765 1624 14.703 14.825 14.875 14.848 1625 15.280 14.831 14.897 14.959 1626 14.629 14.836 14.915 15.066 1627 15.289 14.840 14.927 15.156 1628 15.885 14.842 14.931 15.178 1629 14.936 14.843 14.925 15.106 1630 15.020 14.842 14.912 14.986 1631 14.527 14.840 14.895 14.863 1632 14.852 14.837 14.876 14.776 1633 14.834 14.832 14.858 14.728 1634 14.173 14.827 14.842 14.727 1635 14.703 14.822 14.828 14.778 1636 15.327 14.815 14.817 14.829 1637 15.075 14.808 14.807 14.821 1638 14.880 14.800 14.797 14.749 1639 14.322 14.792 14.790 14.652 1640 15.224 14.783 14.787 14.580 1641 13.299 14.774 14.788 14.568 1642 14.675 14.765 14.794 14.680 1643 14.750 14.755 14.800 14.860 1644 15.848 14.745 14.803 15.019 1645 15.289 14.734 14.798 15.076 1646 14.768 14.723 14.785 15.041 1647 15.094 14.711 14.762 14.959 1648 14.768 14.698 14.733 14.855 1649 14.489 14.685 14.699 14.760 1650 14.666 14.673 14.663 14.693 1651 14.545 14.661 14.626 14.640 1652 15.131 14.650 14.590 14.576 1653 13.913 14.640 14.557 14.480 1654 15.206 14.631 14.530 14.371 1655 14.052 14.624 14.510 14.244 1656 13.931 14.618 14.501 14.163 1657 13.448 14.614 14.504 14.187 1658 14.378 14.613 14.518 14.326 1659 15.159 14.613 14.539 14.509 1660 14.452 14.614 14.563 14.668 1661 14.508 14.616 14.586 14.799 1662 15.652 14.619 14.606 14.885 1663 14.629 14.623 14.619 14.891 1664 14.880 14.627 14.626 14.850 1665 14.238 14.632 14.627 14.786 1666 15.643 14.638 14.624 14.706 1667 14.452 14.643 14.617 14.587 1668 13.764 14.650 14.611 14.484 1669 14.908 14.657 14.609 14.443 1670 14.461 14.665 14.610 14.444 1671 13.634 14.674 14.617 14.499 1672 15.113 14.683 14.630 14.610 1673 14.759 14.693 14.647 14.701 1674 15.085 14.703 14.665 14.731 1675 15.141 14.713 14.686 14.684 1676 14.099 14.722 14.708 14.595 1677 14.275 14.731 14.736 14.543 1678 14.675 14.740 14.768 14.561 1679 14.294 14.749 14.805 14.643 1680 14.824 14.756 14.842 14.780 1681 15.187 14.762 14.878 14.931 1682 15.048 14.766 14.908 15.054 1683 15.150 14.769 14.929 15.140 1684 15.289 14.769 14.939 15.182 1685 15.224 14.767 14.937 15.178 1686 14.852 14.763 14.923 15.138 1687 15.448 14.756 14.898 15.074 1688 14.722 14.748 14.863 14.978 1689 14.899 14.738 14.821 14.866 1690 15.103 14.726 14.774 14.739 1691 14.629 14.714 14.726 14.605 1692 13.466 14.701 14.681 14.509 1693 15.131 14.688 14.641 14.484 1694 14.657 14.675 14.607 14.469 1695 14.238 14.662 14.578 14.450 1696 14.499 14.650 14.557 14.444 1697 14.638 14.638 14.543 14.451 1698 13.875 14.627 14.536 14.477 1699 14.750 14.617 14.534 14.533 1700 14.703 14.608 14.537 14.578 1701 15.010 14.599 14.541 14.582 1702 14.554 14.591 14.546 14.543 1703 13.848 14.583 14.553 14.509 1704 14.592 14.576 14.561 14.521 1705 14.964 14.570 14.568 14.555 1706 14.527 14.564 14.574 14.588 1707 14.303 14.559 14.577 14.638 1708 14.508 14.554 14.577 14.719 1709 15.020 14.549 14.571 14.806 1710 14.973 14.544 14.559 14.844 1711 15.057 14.540 14.540 14.803 1712 14.834 14.536 14.515 14.676 1713 14.629 14.532 14.489 14.489 1714 13.587 14.529 14.465 14.297 1715 14.517 14.527 14.449 14.152 1716 14.210 14.527 14.442 14.049 1717 14.201 14.528 14.447 14.004 1718 12.889 14.530 14.465 14.065 1719 14.238 14.533 14.495 14.275 1720 14.768 14.538 14.533 14.558 1721 15.271 14.542 14.571 14.810 1722 15.066 14.547 14.603 14.960 1723 15.261 14.550 14.626 14.991 1724 15.020 14.554 14.638 14.919 1725 14.750 14.556 14.641 14.792 1726 14.099 14.558 14.637 14.673 1727 14.648 14.560 14.628 14.611 1728 14.461 14.561 14.616 14.593 1729 15.038 14.562 14.600 14.593 1730 14.331 14.563 14.583 14.583 1731 14.582 14.564 14.565 14.571 1732 14.582 14.565 14.548 14.552 1733 14.685 14.566 14.532 14.515 1734 14.378 14.567 14.520 14.457 1735 14.368 14.568 14.513 14.394 1736 14.703 14.571 14.512 14.333 1737 13.810 14.574 14.517 14.290 1738 14.387 14.577 14.531 14.304 1739 14.480 14.581 14.551 14.377 1740 13.773 14.585 14.577 14.508 1741 14.899 14.590 14.605 14.692 1742 15.336 14.595 14.630 14.854 1743 14.899 14.599 14.649 14.936 1744 14.982 14.602 14.660 14.932 1745 15.541 14.605 14.662 14.848 1746 14.173 14.608 14.658 14.710 1747 13.866 14.610 14.649 14.606 1748 15.448 14.612 14.639 14.566 1749 13.950 14.614 14.627 14.549 1750 14.406 14.616 14.616 14.576 1751 15.131 14.618 14.606 14.621 1752 14.452 14.620 14.595 14.638 1753 14.573 14.622 14.585 14.627 1754 15.410 14.625 14.576 14.576 1755 13.727 14.628 14.569 14.490 1756 14.554 14.631 14.567 14.435 1757 14.154 14.636 14.571 14.424 1758 14.694 14.640 14.581 14.455 1759 14.238 14.646 14.596 14.510 1760 15.075 14.651 14.615 14.579 1761 14.136 14.657 14.636 14.643 1762 14.815 14.663 14.658 14.715 1763 14.954 14.669 14.680 14.771 1764 15.113 14.674 14.698 14.789 1765 14.275 14.679 14.713 14.777 1766 15.122 14.684 14.726 14.768 1767 14.443 14.688 14.735 14.760 1768 14.768 14.691 14.742 14.770 1769 14.843 14.694 14.745 14.786 1770 14.750 14.696 14.746 14.793 1771 15.075 14.698 14.743 14.779 1772 14.713 14.699 14.738 14.737 1773 14.685 14.699 14.731 14.691 1774 14.015 14.699 14.723 14.666 1775 15.475 14.699 14.717 14.672 1776 14.313 14.698 14.710 14.672 1777 14.806 14.697 14.703 14.684 1778 14.154 14.696 14.697 14.716 1779 15.150 14.694 14.691 14.761 1780 15.029 14.693 14.685 14.770 1781 14.787 14.691 14.676 14.725 1782 14.815 14.689 14.668 14.646 1783 13.996 14.687 14.662 14.572 1784 14.889 14.685 14.658 14.545 1785 13.959 14.683 14.658 14.561 1786 14.768 14.682 14.662 14.621 1787 15.075 14.681 14.667 14.677 1788 14.917 14.680 14.672 14.689 1789 14.368 14.678 14.676 14.671 1790 14.787 14.677 14.681 14.659 1791 14.266 14.676 14.686 14.672 1792 14.675 14.675 14.690 14.721 1793 14.964 14.674 14.692 14.775 1794 15.252 14.673 14.691 14.797 1795 14.368 14.672 14.686 14.778 1796 14.945 14.671 14.678 14.749 1797 14.480 14.669 14.667 14.718 1798 14.527 14.668 14.656 14.696 1799 15.029 14.667 14.643 14.669 1800 14.703 14.666 14.631 14.609 1801 14.722 14.666 14.620 14.523 1802 14.517 14.665 14.612 14.443 1803 13.234 14.666 14.609 14.427 1804 14.768 14.667 14.613 14.512 1805 14.992 14.668 14.621 14.623 1806 15.150 14.670 14.631 14.688 1807 14.731 14.672 14.640 14.692 1808 14.127 14.673 14.650 14.680 1809 14.545 14.675 14.660 14.699 1810 15.066 14.677 14.671 14.732 1811 14.610 14.678 14.680 14.745 1812 15.010 14.679 14.688 14.727 1813 15.038 14.679 14.695 14.672 1814 14.071 14.679 14.701 14.609 1815 14.452 14.678 14.708 14.598 1816 14.322 14.677 14.718 14.647 1817 14.992 14.675 14.727 14.730 1818 15.159 14.672 14.735 14.787 1819 14.954 14.669 14.740 14.788 1820 14.768 14.664 14.740 14.752 1821 14.052 14.658 14.738 14.726 1822 14.815 14.651 14.734 14.746 1823 15.029 14.643 14.727 14.779 1824 15.048 14.634 14.715 14.789 1825 14.396 14.624 14.697 14.773 1826 15.029 14.613 14.676 14.753 1827 14.294 14.601 14.651 14.726 1828 14.936 14.589 14.623 14.695 1829 14.954 14.576 14.593 14.634 1830 14.387 14.563 14.561 14.538 1831 14.713 14.550 14.530 14.435 1832 13.801 14.538 14.503 14.358 1833 14.145 14.526 14.480 14.346 1834 14.582 14.515 14.462 14.384 1835 14.396 14.505 14.449 14.427 1836 15.085 14.496 14.438 14.445 1837 14.154 14.488 14.429 14.425 1838 13.838 14.481 14.423 14.414 1839 14.778 14.475 14.420 14.432 1840 14.889 14.470 14.419 14.442 1841 13.643 14.466 14.418 14.438 1842 14.964 14.463 14.418 14.451 1843 14.573 14.461 14.419 14.452 1844 14.145 14.461 14.420 14.450 1845 13.987 14.462 14.422 14.469 1846 15.252 14.463 14.424 14.496 1847 14.415 14.466 14.426 14.476 1848 14.554 14.470 14.429 14.420 1849 14.210 14.475 14.433 14.356 1850 14.117 14.481 14.441 14.320 1851 14.192 14.488 14.454 14.332 1852 14.489 14.496 14.470 14.383 1853 14.657 14.505 14.490 14.448 1854 14.043 14.515 14.511 14.512 1855 15.057 14.525 14.533 14.575 1856 14.787 14.536 14.553 14.606 1857 14.015 14.547 14.572 14.615 1858 15.187 14.557 14.590 14.629 1859 14.424 14.568 14.604 14.631 1860 14.629 14.579 14.616 14.643 1861 14.387 14.589 14.626 14.677 1862 14.629 14.600 14.633 14.733 1863 15.048 14.610 14.637 14.777 1864 15.150 14.619 14.636 14.761 1865 15.168 14.628 14.633 14.678 1866 13.410 14.637 14.629 14.576 1867 14.471 14.646 14.628 14.536 1868 15.224 14.655 14.631 14.530 1869 14.266 14.663 14.637 14.509 1870 14.843 14.672 14.649 14.488 1871 13.736 14.681 14.667 14.487 1872 14.750 14.689 14.690 14.533 1873 14.927 14.697 14.717 14.592 1874 15.029 14.705 14.745 14.643 1875 13.810 14.712 14.774 14.713 1876 14.731 14.718 14.801 14.855 1877 15.048 14.723 14.824 15.036 1878 15.568 14.727 14.837 15.186 1879 15.429 14.730 14.837 15.242 1880 15.354 14.731 14.823 15.190 1881 14.992 14.731 14.798 15.044 1882 15.159 14.729 14.764 14.842 1883 14.294 14.727 14.726 14.630 1884 13.903 14.725 14.690 14.474 1885 14.573 14.724 14.660 14.400 1886 14.778 14.722 14.636 14.370 1887 14.564 14.722 14.621 14.362 1888 13.141 14.722 14.616 14.402 1889 15.010 14.723 14.621 14.518 1890 15.420 14.724 14.632 14.624 1891 14.434 14.726 14.647 14.673 1892 14.545 14.729 14.664 14.707 1893 14.294 14.731 14.684 14.760 1894 14.880 14.734 14.704 14.830 1895 15.596 14.737 14.722 14.864 1896 15.010 14.740 14.737 14.822 1897 14.275 14.742 14.749 14.745 1898 14.554 14.744 14.760 14.702 1899 14.434 14.746 14.771 14.712 1900 15.020 14.747 14.781 14.760 1901 14.852 14.748 14.789 14.808 1902 14.945 14.748 14.795 14.834 1903 14.843 14.748 14.798 14.834 1904 14.982 14.746 14.797 14.814 1905 14.443 14.744 14.794 14.792 1906 14.731 14.741 14.790 14.791 1907 15.010 14.738 14.783 14.802 1908 14.629 14.734 14.774 14.806 1909 15.057 14.729 14.762 14.801 1910 14.731 14.723 14.749 14.776 1911 14.806 14.716 14.733 14.743 1912 14.517 14.710 14.717 14.716 1913 14.396 14.702 14.702 14.711 1914 14.992 14.695 14.687 14.713 1915 14.852 14.687 14.673 14.682 1916 15.410 14.678 14.658 14.598 1917 13.671 14.670 14.646 14.489 1918 14.071 14.662 14.639 14.453 1919 14.201 14.654 14.637 14.509 1920 15.224 14.646 14.638 14.612 1921 15.113 14.638 14.639 14.689 1922 13.959 14.630 14.639 14.732 1923 15.094 14.621 14.637 14.776 1924 14.694 14.613 14.631 14.792 1925 15.401 14.604 14.622 14.763 1926 14.099 14.595 14.609 14.687 1927 14.536 14.586 14.593 14.610 1928 15.131 14.576 14.577 14.531 1929 14.043 14.567 14.562 14.442 1930 14.489 14.559 14.548 14.386 1931 14.136 14.551 14.538 14.381 1932 14.006 14.543 14.532 14.441 1933 14.787 14.536 14.529 14.544 1934 15.243 14.529 14.525 14.625 1935 14.350 14.523 14.519 14.646 1936 14.685 14.516 14.512 14.633 1937 14.229 14.511 14.502 14.601 1938 15.048 14.505 14.492 14.550 1939 14.973 14.500 14.481 14.456 1940 13.652 14.496 14.470 14.352 1941 13.950 14.492 14.463 14.319 1942 14.303 14.489 14.461 14.368 1943 14.638 14.487 14.461 14.452 1944 14.899 14.485 14.463 14.514 1945 14.545 14.484 14.465 14.523 1946 14.796 14.484 14.468 14.495 1947 13.652 14.484 14.471 14.463 1948 14.554 14.485 14.476 14.476 1949 14.592 14.486 14.482 14.503 1950 15.085 14.488 14.489 14.505 1951 14.099 14.491 14.496 14.472 1952 14.527 14.493 14.504 14.441 1953 14.015 14.496 14.514 14.433 1954 14.871 14.500 14.526 14.454 1955 14.368 14.504 14.538 14.480 1956 14.554 14.508 14.550 14.519 1957 14.294 14.513 14.562 14.576 1958 14.620 14.517 14.571 14.651 1959 15.066 14.522 14.576 14.716 1960 14.582 14.527 14.576 14.739 1961 15.038 14.532 14.571 14.722 1962 14.573 14.536 14.560 14.665 1963 14.471 14.542 14.546 14.598 1964 14.415 14.547 14.530 14.544 1965 14.545 14.554 14.514 14.506 1966 14.322 14.561 14.500 14.475 1967 14.936 14.569 14.489 14.435 1968 14.564 14.578 14.482 14.371 1969 13.475 14.588 14.481 14.318 1970 14.796 14.600 14.489 14.326 1971 14.052 14.613 14.504 14.370 1972 14.582 14.628 14.528 14.449 1973 14.415 14.643 14.557 14.540 1974 14.815 14.659 14.591 14.625 1975 14.880 14.676 14.628 14.681 1976 14.536 14.693 14.666 14.705 1977 14.722 14.711 14.705 14.718 1978 14.778 14.728 14.744 14.728 1979 14.768 14.745 14.783 14.737 1980 15.029 14.762 14.821 14.758 1981 13.838 14.778 14.858 14.812 1982 15.271 14.794 14.893 14.926 1983 15.001 14.808 14.923 15.040 1984 15.782 14.822 14.945 15.105 1985 14.871 14.833 14.959 15.093 1986 15.196 14.843 14.965 15.039 1987 14.434 14.852 14.964 14.980 1988 15.215 14.860 14.957 14.946 1989 14.824 14.866 14.945 14.923 1990 14.973 14.871 14.928 14.907 1991 15.066 14.876 14.907 14.894 1992 14.359 14.879 14.883 14.886 1993 14.889 14.882 14.856 14.895 1994 15.531 14.885 14.825 14.878 1995 14.750 14.887 14.791 14.799 1996 14.396 14.888 14.754 14.686 1997 14.610 14.890 14.716 14.571