# Eastern Australia and New Zealand Drought Atlas (ANZDA) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/20245 # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/australia/palmer2015pdsi/readme-palmer2015anzda.txt # # Original_Source_URL: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions # # Parameter_Keywords: drought, PDSI #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2016-06-06 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Eastern Australia and New Zealand Drought Atlas (ANZDA) #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Palmer, J.G.; Cook, E.R.; Turney, C.S.M.; Allen, K.; Fenwick, P.; Cook, B.I.; O'Donnell, A.; Lough, J.; Grierson, P.; Baker, P. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Eastern Australia and New Zealand 500-year austral summer (December-February) gridded (0.5x0.5 degree) Palmer drought severity # index reconstruction (PDSI), based on 176 drought-sensitive tree-ring chronologies and one coral series. # # Data files and their contents are as follows: # 1) anzda-recon.txt - 1375 grid point reconstructions of DJF PDSI for Eastern Australia and New Zealand. # These are the "Eastern Australia and New Zealand Drought Atlas" (ANZDA) reconstructions from tree rings and coral that are published in Palmer et al. ERL 2015. # There are 1375 grid point reconstructions on a 0.5x0.5 degree grid. The data are in column-ASCII form, one reconstruction per column and the grid point number # is at the top of each column. Column 1 has the years and the total time period covered is AD 1500-2012. # # 2) anzda-pdsi-xy.txt - 1375 longitude-latitude pairs that locate the grid point reconstructions. # # 3) anzda_act-djf-anom.txt - 1375 actual JJA PDSI series used for calibration and verification. These series are organized columnwise in the same way # as the reconstructions and each column number heading matches the number of the reconstruction. The data cover the 1902-2012 period. # Calibration first and last years are 1930-1975, validation first and last years are 1902 and 1929. # # 4) anzda-calver-stats.txt - calibration and verification statistics for each of the PDSI reconstructions, with longitude-latitude coordinates for their locations. # Five statistics are reported for each reconstruction: # CRSQ (calibration period R2), CVRE (calibration period leave-one-out cross-validation reduction of error - essentially the same as Allen's PRESS), # VRSQ (verification period square of the Pearson correlation coefficient), VRE (verification period reduction of error), # and VCE (verification period coefficient of efficiency). The calibration period is 1951-1989 and the verification period is 1920-1950. # # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Jonathan G. Palmer, Edward R. Cook, Chris S.M. Turney, Kathy Allen, Pavla Fenwick, Benjamin I. Cook, Alison O'Donnell, Janice Lough, Pauline Grierson, Patrick Baker # Published_Date_or_Year: 2015-11-23 # Published_Title: Drought variability in the eastern Australia and New Zealand summer drought atlas (ANZDA, CE 1500-2012) modulated by the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation # Journal_Name: Environmental Research Letters # Volume: 10 # Edition: 124002 # Issue: 12 # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/10/12/124002 # Online_Resource: http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/10/12/124002/ # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Agricultural production across eastern Australia and New Zealand is highly vulnerable to drought, but there is a dearth of observational drought information prior to CE 1850. Using a comprehensive network of 176 drought-sensitive tree-ring chronologies and one coral series, we report the first Southern Hemisphere gridded drought atlas extending back to CE 1500. The austral summer (December-February) Palmer drought sensitivity index reconstruction accurately reproduces historically documented drought events associated with the first European settlement of Australia in CE 1788, and the leading principal component explains over 50% of the underlying variance. This leading mode of variability is strongly related to the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation tripole index (IPO), with a strong and robust antiphase correlation between (1) eastern Australia and the New Zealand North Island and (2) the South Island. Reported positive, negative, and neutral phases of the IPO are consistently reconstructed by the drought atlas although the relationship since CE 1976 appears to have weakened. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Australian Research Council # Grant: FL100100195, LP120100310, DP130104156, DP0878744, DP120104320, LP120200811, FT120100715 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Eastern Australia and New Zealand # Location: Australia/New Zealand # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: -11.0 # Southernmost_Latitude: -47.0 # Easternmost_Longitude: 136.0 # Westernmost_Longitude: 178.5 # Elevation: m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Palmer2015ANZDA # Earliest_Year: 1500 # Most_Recent_Year: 2012 # Time_Unit: CE # Core_Length: m # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age_AD age, , , AD, , , , ,N ## PDSIrec-DJF Palmer Drought Severity Index reconstruction, , , , December-February, Climate Reconstructions, , ,N # #----------------