# Fennoscandia 900 Year Summer Temperature Reconstruction #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/22692 # Description: # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/europe/fennoscandia2015temp.txt # Description: # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstruction # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: air temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2017-09-26 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2017-09-26 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Fennoscandia 900 Year Summer Temperature Reconstruction #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Linderholm, H.W.; Björklund, J.; Seftigen, K.; Gunnarson, B.E.; Fuentes, M. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keyword # Description: Reconstruction of Fennoscandian Summer (JJA) temperature based on 10 tree-ring density and blue intensity records. # Provided Keywords: Climate Reconstructions, air temperature, Tree ring, density, Blue Intensity #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Hans W. Linderholm, Jesper Björklund, Kristina Seftigen, Björn E. Gunnarson, Mauricio Fuentes # Published_Date_or_Year: 2015-08-01 # Published_Title: Fennoscandia revisited: a spatially improved tree-ring reconstruction of summer temperatures for the last 900 years # Journal_Name: Climate Dynamics # Volume: 45 # Edition: # Issue: 3-4 # Pages:933-947 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1007/s00382-014-2328-9 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Despite the spatially homogenous summer temperature pattern in Fennoscandia, there are large spreads among the many existing reconstructions, resulting in an uncertainty in the timing and amplitude of past changes. Also, there has been a general bias towards northernmost Fennoscandia. In an attempt to provide a more spatially coherent view of summer (June-August, JJA) temperature variability within the last millennium, we utilized seven density and three blue intensity Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) chronologies collected from the altitudinal (Scandinavian Mountains) and latitudinal (northernmost part) treeline. To attain a JJA temperature signal as strong as possible, as well as preserving multicentury-scale variability, we used a new tree-ring parameter, where the earlywood information is removed from the maximum density and blue intensity, and a modified signal-free standardization method. Two skilful reconstructions for the period 1100-2006 CE were made, one regional reconstruction based on an average of the chronologies, and one field (gridded) reconstruction. The new reconstructions were shown to have much improved spatial representations compared to those based on data from only northern sites, thus making it more valid for the whole region. An examination of some of the forcings of JJA mean temperatures in the region shows an association with sea-surface temperature over the eastern North Atlantic, but also the subpolar and subtropical gyres. Moreover, using Superposed Epoch Analysis, a significant cooling in the year following a volcanic eruption was noted, and for the largest explosive eruptions, the effect could remain for up to 4 years. This new improved reconstruction provides a mean to reinforce our understanding of forcings on summer temperatures in the North European sector. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: The Swedish Research Formas # Grants: 2007-1048-51 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Swedish Research Council Vetenskapsrådet # Grants: 2012-5246 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Fennoscandia # Location: Europe>Northern Europe # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: 69.5 # Southernmost_Latitude: 62.2 # Easternmost_Longitude: 29.0 # Westernmost_Longitude: 12.2 # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Fennoscandia2015Temp # Earliest_Year: 1100 # Most_Recent_Year: 2006 # Time_Unit: CE # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Species # Species_Name: Pinus sylvestris # Common_Name: Scots pine # Tree_Species_Code: PISY #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, additional information) # ## age_CE age, , , CE, , , , ,N, ## temp temperature, , , degrees C, ,Climate Reconstructions, Reconstructed average Fennoscandian JJA temperature anomalies,,N, ## temp+ temperature +RMSE, , , degrees C, ,Climate Reconstructions, Reconstructed average Fennoscandian JJA temperature anomalies plus RMSE error,,N, ## temp- temperature -RMSE, , , degrees C, ,Climate Reconstructions, Reconstructed average Fennoscandian JJA temperature anomalies minus RMSE error,,N, # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age_CE temp temp+ temp- 1100 -0.725060 -0.174460 -1.275660 1101 0.433806 0.984406 -0.116794 1102 0.328195 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-1.905508 1924 0.594482 1.172682 0.016282 1925 1.186031 1.764231 0.607831 1926 0.533750 1.111950 -0.044450 1927 0.593968 1.172168 0.015768 1928 -1.568409 -0.990209 -2.146609 1929 -1.023160 -0.444960 -1.601360 1930 2.018179 2.596379 1.439979 1931 -0.780316 -0.202116 -1.358516 1932 -0.007044 0.571156 -0.585244 1933 0.783376 1.361576 0.205176 1934 1.443390 2.021590 0.865190 1935 -0.353098 0.225102 -0.931298 1936 0.501602 1.079802 -0.076598 1937 2.645586 3.223786 2.067386 1938 1.075579 1.653779 0.497379 1939 1.022694 1.600894 0.444494 1940 0.740788 1.318988 0.162588 1941 0.514803 1.093003 -0.063397 1942 0.282306 0.860506 -0.295894 1943 0.864920 1.443120 0.286720 1944 0.189733 0.767933 -0.388467 1945 1.416764 1.994964 0.838564 1946 1.292630 1.870830 0.714430 1947 2.289278 2.867478 1.711078 1948 0.806788 1.384988 0.228588 1949 -0.323073 0.255127 -0.901273 1950 1.745625 2.323825 1.167425 1951 0.363090 0.941290 -0.215110 1952 -0.544236 0.033964 -1.122436 1953 1.114735 1.692935 0.536535 1954 0.556796 1.134996 -0.021404 1955 1.100592 1.678792 0.522392 1956 -0.086761 0.491439 -0.664961 1957 0.239345 0.817545 -0.338855 1958 -0.513142 0.065058 -1.091342 1959 1.463937 2.042137 0.885737 1960 0.957116 1.535316 0.378916 1961 -0.170512 0.407688 -0.748712 1962 -1.179556 -0.601356 -1.757756 1963 0.081264 0.659464 -0.496936 1964 -0.414459 0.163741 -0.992659 1965 -0.724723 -0.146523 -1.302923 1966 -0.180170 0.398030 -0.758370 1967 0.060001 0.638201 -0.518199 1968 -0.193186 0.385014 -0.771386 1969 0.763198 1.341398 0.184998 1970 0.410157 0.988357 -0.168043 1971 -0.520798 0.057402 -1.098998 1972 1.077292 1.655492 0.499092 1973 0.591104 1.169304 0.012904 1974 0.313468 0.891668 -0.264732 1975 0.360364 0.938564 -0.217836 1976 0.701957 1.280157 0.123757 1977 -0.416114 0.162086 -0.994314 1978 0.230981 0.809181 -0.347219 1979 0.446912 1.025112 -0.131288 1980 1.496445 2.074645 0.918245 1981 -0.260395 0.317805 -0.838595 1982 0.138068 0.716268 -0.440132 1983 -0.098944 0.479256 -0.677144 1984 -0.503719 0.074481 -1.081919 1985 0.026711 0.604911 -0.551489 1986 0.629425 1.207625 0.051225 1987 -0.936668 -0.358468 -1.514868 1988 1.110683 1.688883 0.532483 1989 0.715006 1.293206 0.136806 1990 0.773085 1.351285 0.194885 1991 0.792282 1.370482 0.214082 1992 -0.140406 0.437794 -0.718606 1993 -0.207418 0.370782 -0.785618 1994 1.250852 1.829052 0.672652 1995 -0.246213 0.331987 -0.824413 1996 0.066630 0.644830 -0.511570 1997 1.235217 1.813417 0.657017 1998 -0.599432 -0.021232 -1.177632 1999 0.359986 0.938186 -0.218214 2000 0.405262 0.983462 -0.172938 2001 -0.077051 0.501149 -0.655251 2002 1.103187 1.681387 0.524987 2003 1.521924 2.100124 0.943724 2004 0.575695 1.153895 -0.002505 2005 0.508198 1.086398 -0.070002 2006 1.730801 2.309001 1.152601