Wrangell Mountains, Alaska Warm Season Temperature Reconstruction ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE CONTRIBUTORS WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Wrangell Mountains, Alaska Warm Season Temperature Reconstruction LAST UPDATE: 4/2006 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTOR: Nicole Davi, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2006-032 SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Davi, N., et al. 2006. Wrangell Mountains, Alaska Warm Season Temperature Reconstruction. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2006-032. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Davi, N.K., G.C. Jacoby, and G.C. Wiles. 2003. Boreal temperature variability inferred from maximum latewood density and tree-ring width data, Wrangell Mountain region, Alaska. Quaternary Research, Volume 60, Issue 3, November 2003, Pages 252-262. ABSTRACT: Variations in both width and density of annual rings from a network of tree chronologies were used to develop high-resolution proxies to extend the climate record in the Wrangell Mountain region of Alaska. We developed a warm-season (July–September) temperature reconstruction that spans A.D. 1593–1992 based on the first eigenvector from principal component analysis of six maximum latewood density (MXD) chronologies. The climate/tree-growth model accounts for 51% of the temperature variance from 1958 to 1992 and shows cold in the late 1600s–early 1700s followed by a warmer period, cooling in the late 1700s–early 1800s, and warming in the 20th century. The 20th century is the warmest of the past four centuries. Several severely cold warm-seasons coincide with major volcanic eruptions. The first eigenvector from a ring-width (RW) network, based on nine chronologies from the Wrangell Mountain region (A.D. 1550–1970), is correlated positively with both reconstructed and recorded Northern Hemisphere temperatures. RW shows a temporal history similar to that of MXD by increased growth (warmer) and decreased growth (cooler) intervals and trends. After around 1970 the RW series show a decrease in growth, while station data show continued warming, which may be related to increasing moisture stress or other factors. Both the temperature history based on MXD and the growth trends from the RW series are consistent with well-dated glacier fluctuations in the Wrangell Mountains and some of the temperature variations also correspond to variations in solar activity. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Northern North America PERIOD OF RECORD: 1593 - 1992 AD FUNDING SOURCE: National Science Foundation (USA) Paleoclimate Program, Grant ATM97-09095. DESCRIPTION: Wrangell Mountains, Alaska warm season (July–September) temperature reconstruction based on the first eigenvector from principal component analysis of six maximum latewood density (MXD) tree ring chronologies. These data are available in the International Tree Ring Data Bank at the NOAA/WDC Paleo website: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treering.html Wrangell Mountains region maximum density and ringwidth sites used in this study: AK071 to AK078, and CANA211. DATA: Column 1: Calendar Year Column 2: Warm Season (July–September) Temperature, degrees C. Column 3: Warm Season Temperature 50 year running mean, degrees C. Column 4: Warm Season Temperature 25 year running mean, degrees C. Column 5: Warm Season Temperature 10 year running mean, degrees C. YEAR RECON 50-YR 25-YR 10-YR 1593 10.22 10.2 10.44 10.46 1594 10.66 10.19 10.38 10.49 1595 10.88 10.18 10.31 10.5 1596 9.63 10.17 10.24 10.46 1597 11.02 10.16 10.17 10.4 1598 10.09 10.15 10.11 10.27 1599 10.56 10.14 10.05 10.07 1600 10.31 10.13 10 9.8 1601 9.06 10.13 9.96 9.51 1602 8.84 10.13 9.95 9.32 1603 9.16 10.12 9.95 9.32 1604 9.08 10.13 9.98 9.48 1605 9.77 10.13 10.03 9.8 1606 10.02 10.13 10.08 10.17 1607 11.32 10.14 10.14 10.51 1608 10.71 10.15 10.18 10.72 1609 11.04 10.15 10.22 10.79 1610 10.68 10.16 10.24 10.73 1611 10.47 10.16 10.24 10.59 1612 10.79 10.17 10.23 10.41 1613 9.97 10.17 10.21 10.21 1614 9.56 10.17 10.19 10.06 1615 9.48 10.18 10.17 10 1616 11.3 10.18 10.15 10 1617 9.55 10.19 10.14 9.97 1618 9.37 10.19 10.13 9.98 1619 10.58 10.2 10.13 10.02 1620 9.88 10.2 10.13 10.05 1621 10.27 10.21 10.14 10.08 1622 10.41 10.22 10.16 10.08 1623 9.23 10.22 10.18 10.09 1624 10.6 10.23 10.21 10.14 1625 10.26 10.24 10.25 10.19 1626 9.94 10.24 10.28 10.24 1627 10.69 10.25 10.32 10.3 1628 10.11 10.25 10.35 10.34 1629 10.53 10.26 10.39 10.38 1630 10.53 10.26 10.41 10.42 1631 9.87 10.26 10.43 10.48 1632 10.8 10.26 10.44 10.57 1633 10.61 10.25 10.44 10.65 1634 11.08 10.25 10.43 10.68 1635 11.03 10.24 10.4 10.65 1636 9.53 10.23 10.36 10.59 1637 11.19 10.22 10.3 10.53 1638 10.05 10.21 10.24 10.45 1639 10.37 10.2 10.17 10.35 1640 10.78 10.19 10.1 10.2 1641 9.88 10.18 10.03 9.98 1642 10.2 10.17 9.96 9.73 1643 8.45 10.16 9.91 9.51 1644 9.87 10.16 9.88 9.39 1645 9.16 10.15 9.88 9.36 1646 9.13 10.15 9.89 9.43 1647 9.89 10.16 9.93 9.59 1648 9.56 10.16 9.98 9.81 1649 9.73 10.17 10.05 10.05 1650 11.21 10.18 10.12 10.29 1651 10.19 10.18 10.18 10.45 1652 10.6 10.19 10.25 10.55 1653 10.29 10.2 10.3 10.61 1654 10.72 10.2 10.34 10.63 1655 11.15 10.21 10.37 10.61 1656 10.37 10.21 10.38 10.52 1657 10.42 10.21 10.38 10.42 1658 9.59 10.21 10.37 10.35 1659 10.56 10.21 10.36 10.34 1660 10.62 10.21 10.34 10.34 1661 10.45 10.2 10.31 10.31 1662 10.48 10.2 10.28 10.24 1663 9.72 10.19 10.25 10.17 1664 9.94 10.18 10.21 10.13 1665 10.56 10.17 10.18 10.13 1666 9.53 10.16 10.15 10.14 1667 10.38 10.15 10.11 10.16 1668 10.38 10.14 10.08 10.16 1669 10.85 10.13 10.05 10.1 1670 9.21 10.12 10.02 10 1671 9.9 10.11 10 9.94 1672 9.56 10.1 9.98 9.93 1673 10.12 10.09 9.97 9.96 1674 10.47 10.08 9.96 9.96 1675 9.92 10.07 9.96 9.91 1676 10.03 10.07 9.97 9.83 1677 9.74 10.06 9.98 9.75 1678 8.71 10.05 10 9.75 1679 9.96 10.04 10.03 9.86 1680 10.5 10.03 10.06 10.01 1681 9.96 10.02 10.1 10.14 1682 10.49 10.01 10.13 10.23 1683 10.87 9.99 10.16 10.26 1684 9.46 9.98 10.18 10.24 1685 10.11 9.96 10.18 10.25 1686 10.38 9.94 10.18 10.29 1687 10.35 9.92 10.17 10.32 1688 11 9.9 10.14 10.32 1689 9.53 9.87 10.1 10.28 1690 10.28 9.85 10.04 10.25 1691 10.16 9.82 9.97 10.22 1692 10.3 9.79 9.89 10.15 1693 10.47 9.76 9.8 10.02 1694 10.05 9.73 9.71 9.8 1695 8.42 9.7 9.61 9.56 1696 10.55 9.67 9.52 9.34 1697 8.56 9.65 9.44 9.14 1698 8.88 9.63 9.38 8.99 1699 8.56 9.61 9.33 8.94 1700 9.23 9.59 9.31 8.97 1701 9.38 9.58 9.31 9.03 1702 8.84 9.58 9.32 9.1 1703 8.97 9.57 9.35 9.21 1704 10.04 9.57 9.39 9.34 1705 8.98 9.58 9.43 9.47 1706 9.08 9.58 9.48 9.64 1707 10.38 9.59 9.53 9.81 1708 10.29 9.6 9.58 9.93 1709 9.65 9.61 9.61 9.97 1710 10.41 9.62 9.64 9.95 1711 8.87 9.64 9.65 9.9 1712 10.61 9.65 9.67 9.83 1713 10.28 9.66 9.67 9.7 1714 8.85 9.68 9.68 9.53 1715 9.4 9.7 9.69 9.39 1716 9.53 9.71 9.71 9.31 1717 8.73 9.73 9.74 9.31 1718 9.58 9.75 9.78 9.42 1719 9.16 9.76 9.82 9.6 1720 10.38 9.78 9.88 9.83 1721 9.8 9.8 9.93 10.04 1722 10.58 9.81 9.98 10.21 1723 10.46 9.83 10.01 10.3 1724 9.7 9.84 10.04 10.35 1725 10.86 9.85 10.05 10.35 1726 10.55 9.86 10.05 10.3 1727 9.7 9.86 10.03 10.19 1728 10.45 9.87 10.01 10.07 1729 9.94 9.87 9.98 9.95 1730 9.2 9.87 9.94 9.86 1731 9.95 9.87 9.9 9.83 1732 10.14 9.87 9.87 9.81 1733 10.08 9.87 9.83 9.78 1734 8.96 9.87 9.8 9.73 1735 10.09 9.87 9.77 9.71 1736 9.85 9.87 9.75 9.68 1737 9.96 9.88 9.74 9.63 1738 8.9 9.88 9.73 9.59 1739 9.72 9.88 9.73 9.6 1740 9.26 9.89 9.75 9.66 1741 10.19 9.9 9.77 9.74 1742 10.48 9.91 9.8 9.77 1743 9.36 9.92 9.83 9.77 1744 9.11 9.93 9.86 9.8 1745 10.24 9.94 9.9 9.9 1746 9.84 9.95 9.94 10.02 1747 10.14 9.97 9.98 10.14 1748 10.63 9.98 10.01 10.2 1749 10.39 9.99 10.04 10.18 1750 10.53 10.01 10.06 10.09 1751 9.02 10.02 10.08 9.99 1752 9.89 10.03 10.1 9.96 1753 10.15 10.04 10.12 10.01 1754 10.06 10.06 10.14 10.08 1755 10.15 10.07 10.15 10.16 1756 10.74 10.08 10.16 10.23 1757 9.73 10.09 10.16 10.28 1758 10.29 10.1 10.16 10.33 1759 10.25 10.11 10.16 10.37 1760 11.18 10.12 10.14 10.35 1761 10.14 10.13 10.12 10.26 1762 9.45 10.13 10.1 10.14 1763 10.44 10.14 10.08 10.03 1764 10.26 10.15 10.06 9.91 1765 9.56 10.16 10.05 9.79 1766 9.6 10.17 10.05 9.72 1767 9.59 10.18 10.06 9.74 1768 9.13 10.19 10.09 9.86 1769 10.59 10.21 10.12 10.05 1770 10.34 10.22 10.15 10.21 1771 10.99 10.23 10.19 10.3 1772 10.28 10.25 10.22 10.32 1773 9.65 10.26 10.26 10.32 1774 10.1 10.27 10.29 10.38 1775 10.59 10.28 10.31 10.47 1776 10.85 10.29 10.33 10.55 1777 10.9 10.3 10.34 10.57 1778 9.93 10.31 10.34 10.53 1779 10.98 10.31 10.34 10.45 1780 10.42 10.32 10.33 10.33 1781 9.94 10.32 10.32 10.19 1782 10.67 10.33 10.32 10.07 1783 8.62 10.33 10.32 10.01 1784 10.29 10.33 10.32 10.07 1785 10.74 10.33 10.34 10.19 1786 10.18 10.33 10.35 10.29 1787 10.39 10.32 10.37 10.38 1788 10.41 10.32 10.39 10.44 1789 10.95 10.31 10.41 10.48 1790 10.05 10.3 10.42 10.5 1791 9.77 10.29 10.43 10.54 1792 11.59 10.27 10.43 10.58 1793 10.79 10.26 10.42 10.54 1794 10.35 10.24 10.41 10.45 1795 9.74 10.22 10.38 10.35 1796 10.45 10.2 10.35 10.3 1797 10.57 10.17 10.32 10.27 1798 9.93 10.15 10.28 10.24 1799 10.36 10.12 10.24 10.24 1800 10.08 10.09 10.19 10.24 1801 10.49 10.06 10.13 10.26 1802 9.94 10.04 10.07 10.26 1803 10.24 10.01 10 10.24 1804 10.54 9.98 9.92 10.18 1805 9.77 9.95 9.85 10.05 1806 10.96 9.93 9.77 9.85 1807 8.88 9.91 9.69 9.57 1808 9.62 9.89 9.63 9.33 1809 8.53 9.87 9.58 9.19 1810 8.09 9.86 9.55 9.21 1811 10.4 9.85 9.54 9.34 1812 9.64 9.85 9.55 9.47 1813 10 9.85 9.57 9.53 1814 9.18 9.85 9.61 9.53 1815 9.17 9.86 9.66 9.53 1816 10.64 9.87 9.72 9.54 1817 8.67 9.88 9.79 9.55 1818 9.51 9.9 9.88 9.65 1819 9.3 9.92 9.96 9.85 1820 10.65 9.94 10.05 10.11 1821 10.72 9.96 10.12 10.35 1822 10.25 9.97 10.19 10.54 1823 10.47 9.99 10.23 10.69 1824 10.88 10.01 10.26 10.79 1825 11.18 10.02 10.26 10.8 1826 10.77 10.03 10.24 10.71 1827 10.3 10.04 10.2 10.52 1828 10.46 10.05 10.15 10.26 1829 10.48 10.06 10.09 9.96 1830 9.57 10.07 10.04 9.66 1831 8.21 10.08 9.99 9.44 1832 9.53 10.09 9.96 9.39 1833 10.54 10.1 9.96 9.44 1834 8.48 10.11 9.96 9.55 1835 9.42 10.13 9.99 9.77 1836 10.66 10.14 10.03 10.04 1837 10.11 10.15 10.08 10.27 1838 11.05 10.17 10.12 10.42 1839 10.28 10.18 10.17 10.46 1840 10.72 10.19 10.21 10.41 1841 10.48 10.2 10.24 10.31 1842 9.45 10.21 10.27 10.22 1843 9.98 10.22 10.3 10.2 1844 10.6 10.23 10.33 10.25 1845 10.17 10.23 10.36 10.33 1846 10.53 10.23 10.38 10.41 1847 10.46 10.23 10.39 10.46 1848 11.08 10.23 10.4 10.48 1849 9.67 10.23 10.4 10.47 1850 10.63 10.23 10.39 10.48 1851 10.58 10.22 10.37 10.48 1852 10.55 10.21 10.35 10.45 1853 10.13 10.2 10.32 10.4 1854 10.59 10.19 10.28 10.32 1855 10.83 10.18 10.24 10.21 1856 9.33 10.17 10.19 10.09 1857 9.71 10.16 10.15 10.03 1858 10.38 10.15 10.11 10.03 1859 9.69 10.14 10.08 10.06 1860 10.67 10.13 10.04 10.08 1861 9.9 10.12 10.01 10.07 1862 10.01 10.11 9.98 10.03 1863 10.49 10.11 9.95 9.97 1864 8.88 10.11 9.93 9.9 1865 10.24 10.11 9.91 9.87 1866 10.3 10.11 9.91 9.85 1867 9.67 10.11 9.91 9.81 1868 9.45 10.12 9.92 9.79 1869 9.97 10.13 9.93 9.82 1870 9.62 10.14 9.96 9.88 1871 9.9 10.16 10 9.98 1872 10.64 10.18 10.04 10.08 1873 9.84 10.2 10.08 10.13 1874 10.59 10.22 10.13 10.15 1875 9.76 10.24 10.18 10.17 1876 10.03 10.26 10.24 10.2 1877 10.38 10.28 10.29 10.25 1878 10.54 10.3 10.35 10.31 1879 10.39 10.33 10.41 10.36 1880 9.92 10.35 10.46 10.43 1881 10.75 10.37 10.51 10.51 1882 10.83 10.38 10.56 10.6 1883 10.28 10.4 10.6 10.66 1884 11.04 10.41 10.63 10.7 1885 10.99 10.42 10.65 10.72 1886 10.62 10.43 10.66 10.71 1887 9.79 10.44 10.66 10.74 1888 11.26 10.44 10.65 10.83 1889 10.67 10.44 10.63 10.9 1890 11.5 10.44 10.59 10.9 1891 10.98 10.43 10.55 10.79 1892 11.07 10.42 10.49 10.57 1893 9.71 10.42 10.44 10.31 1894 9.5 10.41 10.38 10.1 1895 10.5 10.4 10.34 9.99 1896 10.06 10.39 10.3 9.93 1897 9.34 10.38 10.28 9.94 1898 9.76 10.37 10.27 10.05 1899 10.99 10.36 10.27 10.2 1900 10.28 10.36 10.27 10.32 1901 9.97 10.35 10.27 10.41 1902 10.62 10.34 10.28 10.49 1903 11.23 10.34 10.28 10.52 1904 9.69 10.33 10.28 10.49 1905 11.05 10.33 10.27 10.44 1906 9.96 10.33 10.27 10.35 1907 10.6 10.32 10.26 10.26 1908 9.98 10.32 10.25 10.18 1909 9.86 10.32 10.25 10.13 1910 10.08 10.32 10.25 10.13 1911 10.41 10.33 10.25 10.15 1912 10.37 10.33 10.26 10.17 1913 10.08 10.34 10.28 10.18 1914 9.41 10.34 10.3 10.22 1915 11.34 10.35 10.33 10.29 1916 10.2 10.36 10.35 10.32 1917 9.84 10.37 10.38 10.34 1918 10.94 10.38 10.41 10.39 1919 9.84 10.38 10.44 10.45 1920 10.82 10.39 10.47 10.53 1921 10.47 10.4 10.49 10.62 1922 10.37 10.41 10.51 10.69 1923 11.8 10.42 10.52 10.72 1924 10.33 10.43 10.52 10.66 1925 10.19 10.44 10.51 10.58 1926 10.59 10.44 10.5 10.51 1927 10.97 10.45 10.49 10.45 1928 9.8 10.46 10.47 10.39 1929 10.09 10.47 10.45 10.39 1930 10.92 10.47 10.44 10.43 1931 10.21 10.48 10.42 10.47 1932 10.45 10.49 10.41 10.5 1933 10.71 10.5 10.4 10.49 1934 11.2 10.51 10.39 10.43 1935 9.27 10.53 10.39 10.31 1936 11.13 10.54 10.39 10.22 1937 9.37 10.55 10.41 10.16 1938 10.05 10.57 10.43 10.19 1939 9.9 10.58 10.47 10.3 1940 11.33 10.6 10.51 10.43 1941 10.56 10.62 10.56 10.53 1942 10.56 10.63 10.61 10.58 1943 10.35 10.65 10.67 10.64 1944 10.9 10.66 10.72 10.73 1945 10.15 10.68 10.77 10.85 1946 11.34 10.69 10.82 10.98 1947 11.4 10.7 10.86 11.07 1948 11.85 10.71 10.88 11.07 1949 10.07 10.72 10.9 11.01 1950 10.57 10.72 10.9 10.98 1951 11.77 10.72 10.9 10.97 1952 10.23 10.72 10.88 10.95 1953 11.48 10.72 10.86 10.93 1954 11.19 10.72 10.83 10.86 1955 10.04 10.71 10.8 10.78 1956 10.8 10.7 10.76 10.72 1957 10.94 10.69 10.73 10.67 1958 11.01 10.68 10.69 10.6 1959 9.92 10.67 10.66 10.52 1960 10.45 10.66 10.63 10.5 1961 10.51 10.65 10.6 10.51 1962 10.66 10.64 10.58 10.54 1963 10.95 10.63 10.56 10.57 1964 10.05 10.62 10.54 10.59 1965 10.58 10.61 10.53 10.62 1966 10.69 10.6 10.51 10.64 1967 10.99 10.59 10.5 10.63 1968 10.97 10.59 10.49 10.54 1969 10.22 10.58 10.48 10.41 1970 9.34 10.58 10.48 10.31 1971 11.02 10.57 10.48 10.28 1972 10.28 10.57 10.49 10.28 1973 10.08 10.57 10.51 10.3 1974 10.68 10.57 10.53 10.38 1975 9.69 10.57 10.56 10.5 1976 10.98 10.57 10.58 10.68 1977 10.84 10.57 10.61 10.85 1978 11.24 10.57 10.62 10.96 1979 11.33 10.57 10.63 10.98 1980 10.77 10.58 10.63 10.91 1981 10.43 10.58 10.61 10.79 1982 11.26 10.58 10.6 10.64 1983 10.25 10.58 10.58 10.47 1984 10.39 10.58 10.57 10.31 1985 9.73 10.58 10.56 10.23 1986 10.46 10.59 10.56 10.24 1987 9.88 10.59 10.57 10.35 1988 10 10.59 10.59 10.54 1989 11.81 10.6 10.61 10.73 1990 11.17 10.6 10.63 10.81 1991 10.64 10.61 10.65 10.79 1992 10.43 10.61 10.67 10.72