# Kirchhefer 2001 Coastal Northern Norway Temperature Reconstruction #---------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #---------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/6346 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-recon-6346.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/9a26-hp29 # # Science_Keywords: Air Temperature Reconstruction #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/norway/norway_crn-sto-noaa.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; Stonglandseidet Tree Ring Chronology # #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2003-07-01 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2025-07-09 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Kirchhefer 2001 Coastal Northern Norway Temperature Reconstruction #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Kirchhefer, A.J.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8647-6645) #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Coastal Northern Norway (Lofoten/Vesterålen/Troms) tree ring July-August temperature reconstruction. The chronologies used in the reconstruction and included in the files are slightly different from the chronology files NORW008.* - NORW010.* held in the International Tree Ring Data Bank. This is because some radii were treated individually (straight line if assumed that >100 rings were lacking from the inner part of the core). #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Kirchhefer, A.J. # Journal_Name: The Holocene # Published_Title: Reconstruction of summer temperatures from tree-rings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in coastal northern Norway # Published_Date_or_Year: 2001 # Volume: 11 # Issue: 1 # Pages: 41-52 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1191/09596830167018159 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: At the coast of northern Norway, 69°N, tree-ring chronologies from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) were constructed at Forfjorddalen in the Vesterålen archipelago (AD 1358-1992), Stonglandseidet on Senja (AD 1548-1994) and Vikran near Tromsø (AD 1700-1992). All chronologies reflect July-August temperatures. At the most northern site, Vikran, the response was more confined to July temperatures, resulting in a strong tree-ring and climate signal. The chronology from a steep, south-facing slope at Stonglandseidet showed signs of drought sensitivity. At the most oceanic locality, Forfjorddalen, mild winters appear to suppress tree growth on a decadal scale. Growth variations were consistent between the three sites for 1700-1910 but the amount of low-frequency variability decreased towards the most oceanic site. The seventeenth century, the coldest period of the ‘Little Ice Age’, experienced three cycles of summer temperatures, with minima around 1605, 1640 and 1680. An extended warm period occurred around 1475-1540. Temperature reconstruction showed secular trends similar to those observed east of the Scandes, but differed in the magnitude and timing of the extremes. At Forfjorddalen, there was no evidence of pine regeneration around 1575-1650. The latter site is likely to have been affected by logging activity in the seventeenth century. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Norwegian Research Council # Grant: #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Stonglandseidet # Location: Norway # Northernmost_Latitude: 69.08 # Southernmost_Latitude: 69.08 # Easternmost_Longitude: 17.22 # Westernmost_Longitude: 17.22 # Elevation_m: 150 #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Kirchhefer 2001 chron STO # First_Year: 1403 # Last_Year: 1994 # Time_Unit: CE # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: tree-ring # Notes: #-------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: #-------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by '##' in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age_CE age,,,year Common Era,,tree ring,,,N, ## std tree ring standardized growth index,,,dimensionless,,tree ring,composited,,N,Standard ring-width chronology; Portions with EPS <85% not shown ## spline tree ring standardized growth index,,,dimensionless,,tree ring,composited;smoothed,,N,Cubic smoothing spline with a cut-off level of 50% variability per 20 years; Portions with EPS <85% not shown ## cores number of samples,,,count,,tree ring,,,N,number of cores ## trees number of samples,,,count,,tree ring,,,N,number of trees #-------------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: NA age_CE std spline cores trees 1403 NA NA 1 1 1404 NA NA 1 1 1405 NA NA 2 1 1406 NA NA 2 1 1407 NA NA 2 1 1408 NA NA 2 1 1409 NA NA 2 1 1410 NA NA 2 1 1411 NA NA 2 1 1412 NA NA 2 1 1413 NA NA 2 1 1414 NA NA 2 1 1415 NA NA 2 1 1416 NA NA 2 1 1417 NA NA 2 1 1418 NA NA 2 1 1419 NA NA 2 1 1420 NA NA 2 1 1421 NA NA 2 1 1422 NA NA 2 1 1423 NA NA 2 1 1424 NA NA 2 1 1425 NA NA 2 1 1426 NA NA 2 1 1427 NA NA 2 1 1428 NA NA 2 1 1429 NA NA 2 1 1430 NA NA 2 1 1431 NA NA 2 1 1432 NA NA 2 1 1433 NA NA 2 1 1434 NA NA 2 1 1435 NA NA 2 1 1436 NA NA 2 1 1437 NA NA 2 1 1438 NA NA 2 1 1439 NA NA 2 1 1440 NA NA 2 1 1441 NA NA 2 1 1442 NA NA 2 1 1443 NA NA 2 1 1444 NA NA 2 1 1445 NA NA 2 1 1446 NA NA 2 1 1447 NA NA 2 1 1448 NA NA 2 1 1449 NA NA 2 1 1450 NA NA 2 1 1451 NA NA 2 1 1452 NA NA 2 1 1453 NA NA 2 1 1454 NA NA 3 2 1455 NA NA 3 2 1456 NA NA 3 2 1457 NA NA 3 2 1458 NA NA 3 2 1459 NA NA 4 3 1460 NA NA 4 3 1461 NA NA 4 3 1462 NA NA 4 3 1463 NA NA 4 3 1464 NA NA 5 4 1465 NA NA 5 4 1466 NA NA 5 4 1467 NA NA 5 4 1468 NA NA 5 4 1469 NA NA 5 4 1470 NA NA 5 4 1471 NA NA 5 4 1472 NA NA 5 4 1473 NA NA 5 4 1474 NA NA 5 4 1475 NA NA 5 4 1476 NA NA 5 4 1477 NA NA 5 4 1478 NA NA 5 4 1479 NA NA 5 4 1480 NA NA 5 4 1481 NA NA 5 4 1482 NA NA 5 4 1483 NA NA 5 4 1484 NA NA 5 4 1485 NA NA 5 4 1486 NA NA 5 4 1487 NA NA 5 4 1488 NA NA 5 4 1489 NA NA 5 4 1490 NA NA 5 4 1491 NA NA 5 4 1492 NA NA 5 4 1493 NA NA 5 4 1494 NA NA 5 4 1495 NA NA 5 4 1496 NA NA 5 4 1497 NA NA 5 4 1498 NA NA 6 5 1499 NA NA 6 5 1500 NA NA 6 5 1501 NA NA 6 5 1502 NA NA 6 5 1503 NA NA 6 5 1504 NA NA 8 6 1505 NA NA 8 6 1506 NA NA 8 6 1507 NA NA 8 6 1508 NA NA 8 6 1509 NA NA 8 6 1510 NA NA 8 6 1511 NA NA 8 6 1512 NA NA 8 6 1513 NA NA 8 6 1514 NA NA 8 6 1515 NA NA 8 6 1516 NA NA 8 6 1517 NA NA 8 6 1518 NA NA 8 6 1519 NA NA 8 6 1520 NA NA 8 6 1521 NA NA 8 6 1522 NA NA 8 6 1523 NA NA 8 6 1524 NA NA 8 6 1525 NA NA 8 6 1526 NA NA 8 6 1527 NA NA 8 6 1528 NA NA 8 6 1529 NA NA 8 6 1530 NA NA 8 6 1531 NA NA 8 6 1532 NA NA 8 6 1533 NA NA 8 6 1534 NA NA 8 6 1535 NA NA 8 6 1536 NA NA 9 7 1537 NA NA 10 7 1538 NA NA 10 7 1539 NA NA 10 7 1540 NA NA 10 7 1541 NA NA 11 8 1542 NA NA 11 8 1543 NA NA 11 8 1544 NA NA 11 8 1545 NA NA 11 8 1546 NA NA 11 8 1547 NA NA 11 8 1548 0.80 0.883 12 9 1549 0.69 0.890 12 9 1550 0.81 0.905 12 9 1551 0.90 0.926 12 9 1552 1.05 0.951 12 9 1553 1.08 0.977 12 9 1554 1.11 1.001 13 10 1555 1.07 1.022 13 10 1556 0.99 1.041 14 11 1557 0.93 1.057 14 11 1558 1.06 1.071 14 11 1559 1.28 1.080 14 11 1560 1.26 1.084 15 12 1561 1.01 1.082 15 12 1562 1.14 1.077 15 12 1563 0.87 1.071 17 14 1564 0.92 1.064 17 14 1565 1.14 1.057 18 15 1566 1.16 1.050 18 15 1567 1.08 1.041 18 15 1568 0.91 1.030 18 15 1569 1.02 1.020 18 15 1570 1.12 1.009 18 15 1571 0.85 0.997 18 15 1572 1.08 0.985 18 15 1573 1.18 0.973 18 15 1574 0.85 0.960 19 16 1575 0.84 0.949 19 16 1576 0.93 0.940 19 16 1577 0.98 0.935 19 16 1578 0.88 0.933 19 16 1579 0.87 0.935 20 16 1580 0.76 0.941 20 16 1581 1.03 0.949 20 16 1582 0.97 0.958 20 16 1583 1.11 0.966 20 16 1584 1.11 0.972 20 16 1585 0.99 0.975 20 16 1586 0.91 0.976 20 16 1587 0.96 0.977 20 16 1588 0.93 0.978 20 16 1589 0.98 0.979 21 17 1590 1.02 0.980 21 17 1591 1.11 0.982 21 17 1592 0.75 0.985 21 17 1593 0.81 0.990 21 17 1594 1.09 0.997 22 17 1595 1.03 1.002 22 17 1596 1.00 1.005 22 17 1597 0.93 1.004 22 17 1598 1.24 0.997 22 17 1599 1.24 0.984 22 17 1600 1.18 0.964 23 18 1601 0.76 0.939 23 18 1602 0.91 0.915 24 18 1603 0.79 0.895 24 18 1604 0.62 0.880 24 18 1605 0.67 0.874 24 18 1606 1.01 0.875 24 18 1607 0.89 0.881 24 18 1608 0.98 0.891 24 18 1609 0.78 0.904 25 19 1610 0.79 0.919 25 19 1611 1.12 0.934 25 19 1612 1.14 0.948 25 19 1613 1.19 0.959 25 19 1614 0.95 0.969 25 19 1615 0.76 0.979 25 19 1616 0.74 0.994 25 19 1617 1.01 1.013 25 19 1618 1.21 1.035 25 19 1619 0.98 1.060 25 19 1620 0.89 1.087 25 19 1621 1.25 1.115 25 19 1622 1.16 1.142 25 19 1623 1.08 1.167 25 19 1624 1.18 1.188 25 19 1625 1.09 1.203 26 20 1626 1.42 1.211 26 20 1627 1.36 1.208 26 20 1628 1.34 1.193 26 20 1629 1.26 1.167 26 20 1630 1.00 1.131 26 20 1631 1.22 1.088 26 20 1632 1.19 1.039 26 20 1633 0.85 0.987 27 21 1634 0.91 0.935 27 21 1635 0.72 0.887 27 21 1636 0.83 0.845 27 21 1637 0.86 0.810 28 22 1638 0.66 0.783 28 22 1639 0.85 0.765 28 22 1640 0.77 0.757 28 22 1641 0.50 0.758 28 22 1642 0.64 0.770 28 22 1643 0.89 0.792 28 22 1644 0.81 0.821 28 22 1645 0.67 0.855 28 22 1646 0.97 0.892 30 24 1647 0.92 0.929 30 24 1648 1.20 0.962 31 24 1649 1.23 0.990 31 24 1650 1.00 1.010 32 24 1651 1.22 1.024 32 24 1652 0.96 1.035 32 24 1653 0.79 1.044 32 24 1654 0.94 1.054 32 24 1655 1.14 1.065 33 24 1656 1.00 1.076 33 24 1657 1.08 1.088 33 24 1658 1.07 1.098 33 24 1659 1.23 1.106 33 24 1660 1.29 1.110 33 24 1661 1.03 1.111 34 25 1662 1.14 1.110 34 25 1663 1.01 1.107 34 25 1664 0.91 1.104 33 25 1665 1.06 1.099 33 25 1666 1.04 1.093 33 25 1667 1.18 1.082 33 25 1668 1.40 1.065 33 25 1669 1.09 1.039 33 25 1670 1.10 1.007 33 25 1671 0.97 0.970 33 25 1672 0.61 0.931 33 25 1673 0.83 0.892 33 25 1674 1.00 0.855 33 25 1675 0.84 0.817 33 25 1676 0.77 0.780 33 25 1677 0.89 0.745 33 25 1678 0.74 0.713 33 25 1679 0.69 0.685 33 25 1680 0.40 0.665 33 25 1681 0.49 0.654 33 25 1682 0.70 0.653 34 26 1683 0.71 0.660 34 26 1684 0.70 0.674 34 26 1685 0.84 0.694 34 26 1686 0.54 0.720 34 26 1687 0.66 0.753 34 26 1688 0.60 0.792 34 26 1689 0.92 0.836 34 26 1690 0.93 0.880 35 27 1691 0.89 0.923 36 28 1692 1.10 0.961 36 28 1693 1.14 0.993 37 30 1694 1.21 1.017 37 30 1695 1.08 1.034 38 30 1696 0.85 1.046 39 30 1697 0.91 1.054 39 30 1698 1.22 1.059 39 30 1699 1.05 1.062 39 30 1700 1.05 1.061 40 30 1701 1.07 1.059 41 31 1702 1.16 1.054 41 31 1703 1.01 1.049 41 31 1704 1.16 1.044 41 31 1705 0.79 1.041 41 31 1706 0.73 1.042 41 31 1707 1.14 1.046 41 31 1708 1.14 1.051 41 31 1709 0.95 1.054 42 31 1710 1.23 1.054 42 31 1711 1.24 1.049 42 31 1712 1.08 1.038 42 31 1713 1.28 1.022 43 31 1714 0.75 1.003 43 31 1715 0.92 0.984 43 31 1716 0.90 0.967 43 31 1717 0.94 0.953 43 31 1718 1.03 0.941 43 31 1719 0.76 0.933 43 31 1720 0.85 0.929 43 31 1721 0.96 0.928 42 31 1722 1.00 0.929 42 31 1723 0.84 0.931 41 30 1724 0.97 0.932 40 29 1725 1.13 0.933 40 29 1726 1.06 0.930 40 29 1727 0.83 0.926 40 29 1728 0.74 0.923 40 29 1729 0.95 0.920 39 28 1730 0.98 0.917 40 28 1731 1.04 0.915 40 28 1732 0.94 0.913 40 28 1733 0.89 0.914 40 28 1734 0.62 0.917 40 28 1735 0.83 0.925 41 29 1736 1.18 0.936 43 30 1737 0.86 0.949 43 30 1738 0.93 0.963 44 31 1739 1.09 0.976 44 31 1740 1.04 0.989 44 31 1741 0.81 1.001 45 31 1742 1.16 1.011 45 31 1743 1.02 1.019 45 31 1744 1.11 1.025 46 32 1745 1.03 1.028 46 32 1746 1.08 1.029 46 32 1747 0.90 1.028 46 32 1748 1.10 1.028 46 32 1749 1.06 1.027 46 32 1750 1.13 1.026 46 32 1751 0.84 1.027 46 32 1752 0.95 1.031 46 32 1753 0.95 1.037 46 32 1754 1.03 1.046 46 32 1755 1.22 1.055 46 32 1756 1.02 1.064 46 32 1757 1.09 1.071 46 32 1758 1.23 1.077 46 32 1759 0.97 1.081 46 32 1760 0.96 1.084 46 32 1761 1.10 1.086 46 32 1762 1.27 1.085 46 32 1763 0.99 1.082 46 32 1764 0.95 1.076 46 32 1765 1.23 1.067 46 32 1766 1.34 1.054 45 31 1767 1.22 1.038 45 31 1768 0.92 1.021 45 31 1769 0.76 1.007 45 31 1770 0.78 1.001 45 31 1771 0.68 1.003 45 31 1772 0.90 1.012 45 31 1773 0.99 1.026 45 31 1774 1.39 1.037 45 31 1775 1.30 1.043 47 32 1776 0.98 1.041 47 32 1777 1.18 1.030 47 32 1778 1.19 1.012 47 32 1779 1.04 0.987 46 31 1780 0.99 0.958 46 31 1781 0.89 0.929 46 31 1782 0.86 0.904 46 31 1783 0.73 0.887 46 31 1784 0.66 0.880 45 31 1785 0.92 0.884 45 31 1786 0.72 0.901 45 31 1787 0.98 0.928 45 31 1788 0.86 0.964 45 31 1789 1.03 1.009 45 31 1790 1.01 1.058 45 31 1791 1.07 1.110 45 31 1792 1.12 1.162 45 31 1793 1.29 1.211 45 31 1794 1.40 1.253 45 31 1795 1.32 1.286 45 31 1796 1.42 1.307 45 31 1797 1.24 1.317 45 31 1798 1.45 1.313 45 31 1799 1.51 1.297 45 31 1800 1.14 1.268 45 31 1801 1.46 1.229 45 31 1802 1.25 1.182 45 31 1803 0.93 1.129 45 31 1804 1.14 1.075 45 31 1805 1.15 1.022 45 31 1806 0.70 0.973 45 31 1807 0.80 0.932 45 30 1808 0.92 0.901 45 30 1809 0.85 0.879 45 30 1810 0.84 0.867 45 30 1811 0.86 0.865 45 30 1812 0.67 0.874 45 30 1813 0.95 0.891 45 30 1814 0.88 0.916 45 30 1815 0.81 0.947 45 30 1816 1.06 0.981 45 30 1817 1.05 1.015 45 30 1818 1.16 1.046 45 30 1819 1.35 1.072 45 30 1820 1.28 1.092 45 30 1821 1.11 1.107 44 29 1822 0.76 1.120 44 29 1823 1.06 1.133 44 29 1824 1.19 1.148 44 29 1825 0.86 1.162 44 29 1826 1.27 1.176 44 29 1827 1.30 1.185 44 29 1828 1.40 1.188 44 29 1829 1.25 1.183 44 29 1830 1.00 1.171 44 29 1831 1.29 1.153 44 29 1832 1.36 1.128 44 29 1833 1.13 1.098 44 29 1834 1.03 1.066 44 29 1835 0.90 1.035 44 29 1836 1.09 1.008 44 29 1837 0.68 0.988 44 29 1838 0.96 0.976 44 29 1839 0.84 0.973 44 29 1840 0.95 0.979 44 29 1841 0.94 0.990 44 29 1842 1.04 1.006 44 29 1843 1.07 1.024 44 29 1844 1.01 1.042 44 29 1845 1.15 1.058 44 29 1846 1.24 1.070 44 29 1847 1.18 1.077 44 29 1848 0.96 1.080 44 29 1849 1.11 1.080 44 29 1850 0.89 1.076 45 29 1851 1.18 1.071 45 29 1852 1.17 1.063 45 29 1853 1.09 1.052 45 29 1854 1.04 1.039 45 29 1855 0.90 1.025 45 29 1856 1.00 1.012 45 29 1857 0.82 1.001 44 29 1858 1.10 0.989 44 29 1859 0.84 0.977 44 29 1860 1.07 0.964 44 29 1861 1.23 0.948 44 29 1862 1.04 0.927 44 29 1863 0.85 0.905 44 29 1864 0.96 0.883 43 29 1865 0.84 0.863 43 29 1866 0.72 0.849 43 29 1867 0.72 0.844 43 29 1868 0.53 0.849 43 28 1869 0.79 0.864 43 28 1870 0.90 0.887 43 28 1871 0.91 0.914 43 28 1872 0.96 0.942 43 28 1873 1.30 0.967 42 27 1874 0.85 0.988 42 27 1875 0.98 1.002 42 27 1876 1.18 1.008 42 27 1877 1.07 1.006 42 27 1878 1.07 0.996 42 27 1879 1.26 0.977 42 27 1880 0.99 0.952 42 27 1881 0.72 0.924 42 27 1882 0.66 0.897 42 27 1883 0.78 0.874 42 28 1884 0.83 0.855 42 28 1885 0.72 0.840 42 28 1886 0.93 0.828 42 28 1887 0.90 0.816 42 28 1888 0.85 0.804 41 27 1889 0.69 0.792 41 27 1890 0.98 0.778 41 27 1891 0.86 0.764 41 27 1892 0.46 0.750 41 27 1893 0.65 0.737 41 27 1894 0.79 0.725 41 27 1895 0.89 0.714 41 27 1896 0.77 0.701 41 27 1897 0.62 0.688 41 27 1898 0.71 0.676 41 27 1899 0.62 0.665 41 27 1900 0.49 0.657 41 27 1901 0.76 0.652 41 26 1902 0.79 0.650 41 26 1903 0.45 0.650 41 26 1904 0.61 0.654 41 25 1905 0.72 0.661 41 25 1906 0.75 0.671 41 25 1907 0.63 0.682 41 25 1908 0.83 0.695 41 25 1909 0.60 0.710 41 25 1910 0.65 0.727 41 25 1911 0.62 0.748 41 25 1912 0.80 0.770 41 25 1913 0.85 0.793 41 25 1914 0.95 0.815 41 25 1915 0.92 0.834 41 25 1916 0.71 0.851 41 25 1917 0.83 0.866 40 25 1918 1.00 0.880 40 25 1919 0.96 0.892 40 25 1920 0.93 0.901 40 25 1921 0.93 0.910 40 25 1922 0.84 0.920 40 25 1923 0.70 0.932 39 24 1924 0.90 0.946 38 23 1925 1.20 0.961 38 23 1926 0.90 0.977 38 23 1927 0.99 0.992 37 23 1928 0.97 1.006 37 23 1929 0.93 1.019 37 23 1930 1.41 1.030 37 23 1931 1.17 1.038 37 23 1932 0.97 1.044 37 23 1933 0.82 1.052 37 23 1934 1.14 1.064 37 23 1935 0.84 1.080 37 23 1936 0.97 1.101 37 23 1937 1.28 1.126 36 22 1938 1.13 1.153 36 22 1939 1.00 1.180 36 22 1940 1.19 1.206 36 22 1941 1.56 1.228 36 22 1942 1.26 1.244 36 22 1943 1.26 1.252 36 22 1944 1.35 1.253 36 22 1945 1.38 1.247 36 22 1946 1.24 1.237 36 22 1947 1.12 1.223 36 22 1948 1.02 1.208 36 22 1949 1.27 1.194 36 22 1950 1.37 1.181 36 22 1951 1.05 1.169 36 22 1952 0.93 1.161 36 22 1953 1.13 1.156 36 22 1954 1.23 1.154 36 22 1955 0.97 1.155 36 22 1956 1.20 1.155 36 22 1957 1.31 1.154 36 22 1958 1.32 1.150 36 22 1959 1.12 1.140 36 22 1960 1.37 1.127 36 22 1961 1.21 1.111 36 22 1962 0.93 1.095 36 22 1963 0.90 1.084 35 21 1964 1.16 1.078 35 21 1965 0.85 1.080 35 21 1966 0.97 1.091 35 21 1967 0.85 1.109 35 21 1968 1.07 1.133 35 21 1969 1.40 1.159 35 21 1970 1.38 1.182 35 21 1971 1.31 1.198 35 21 1972 1.35 1.208 35 21 1973 1.48 1.212 35 21 1974 1.30 1.210 35 21 1975 0.93 1.208 35 21 1976 0.93 1.209 35 21 1977 1.13 1.216 35 21 1978 1.03 1.229 35 21 1979 1.24 1.246 35 21 1980 1.44 1.265 35 21 1981 1.24 1.282 35 21 1982 1.24 1.296 35 21 1983 1.33 1.305 35 21 1984 1.38 1.306 35 21 1985 2.01 1.298 35 21 1986 1.20 1.279 35 21 1987 1.00 1.254 35 21 1988 1.17 1.228 34 21 1989 0.91 1.202 34 21 1990 1.24 1.178 34 21 1991 1.16 1.155 34 21 1992 1.16 1.133 34 21 1993 1.31 1.110 34 21 1994 1.02 1.087 34 21