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OceanSODA-ETHZ: A global gridded dataset of the surface ocean carbonate system for seasonal to decadal studies of ocean acidification (v2023) (NCEI Accession 0220059)

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This dataset contains a global gridded dataset of the surface ocean carbonate system for seasonal to decadal studies of ocean acidification (v2023). The full marine carbonate system is calculated from machine learning estimates of Total Alkalinity (TA) and the fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO2). The surface-ocean fCO2 presented here is the ensemble mean of 16 two-step clustering-regression machine learning estimates. The ensemble is a combination of eight clustering instances and two regression methods. For the clustering, we use K-means clustering (21 clusters) repeated with different initiations, resulting in slightly different clusters. Two machine learning regression methods are applied to each of these clustering instances. These machine learning methods are feed-forward neural-network (FFNN), and gradient boosted machine using decision trees (GBDT). The average of the ensemble members is used as the final estimate. Further, the standard deviation of the ensemble members is an analog of the uncertainty. The same two-step clustering-regression approach is used to estimate TA. The final estimate is the mean of 16 ensemble members. Eight of the ensemble members estimate standard TA while the other half estimate salinity normalized TA (S0 ≈ 34.0). Each ensemble member has 12 clusters. Support vector regression (SVR) is used as the regression method. Again, the standard deviation of the ensemble members is an analog of the uncertainty. Total alkalinity and pCO2 are then used to solve for the remaining parameters of the marine carbonate system using the PyCO2SYS software. The temperature and salinity products used in this calculation are provided in the file. Phosphate and silicate from the interpolated World Ocean Atlas (2018) product were used. We use the following total scale for pH. The product extends from the start of 1982 to the end of 2022.
  • Cite as: Gregor, Luke; Gruber, Nicolas (2020). OceanSODA-ETHZ: A global gridded dataset of the surface ocean carbonate system for seasonal to decadal studies of ocean acidification (v2023) (NCEI Accession 0220059). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/m5wx-ja34. Accessed [date].
gov.noaa.nodc:0220059
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Distribution Formats
  • Originator data format
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Distributor NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
+1-301-713-3277
ncei.info@noaa.gov
Dataset Point of Contact NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
ncei.info@noaa.gov
Time Period 1982-01-01 to 2022-12-31
Spatial Bounding Box Coordinates
West: -179.5
East: 179.5
South: -89.5
North: 89.5
Spatial Coverage Map
General Documentation
Associated Resources
  • Gregor, L. and Gruber, N.: OceanSODA-ETHZ: a global gridded data set of the surface ocean carbonate system for seasonal to decadal studies of ocean acidification, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 777-808, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-777-2021, 2021.
  • Mogen, Samuel C.; Lovenduski, Nicole S.; Dallmann, Allysa R.; Gregor, Luke; Sutton, Adrienne J.; Bograd, Steven J.; Quiros, Nathali Cordero; Di Lorenzo, Emanuele; Hazen, Elliott L.; Jacox, Michael G.; Buil, Mercedes Pozo; Yeager, Stephen. Ocean Biogeochemical Signatures of the North Pacific Blob; Geophysical Research Letters. PMEL Contribution no. 5316. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gl096938
  • OceanSODA-ETHZ: A global gridded data set of the surface ocean carbonate system for seasonal to decadal studies of ocean acidification
  • NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system
Publication Dates
  • publication: 2020-09-28
  • revision: 2023-06-28
Data Presentation Form Digital table - digital representation of facts or figures systematically displayed, especially in columns
Dataset Progress Status Complete - production of the data has been completed
Historical archive - data has been stored in an offline storage facility
Data Update Frequency As needed
Supplemental Information
In this accession, NCEI has archived multiple versions of these data. The latest (and best) version of these data has the largest version number.
Purpose This dataset is available to the public for a wide variety of uses including scientific research and analysis.
Use Limitations
  • accessLevel: Public
  • Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
Dataset Citation
  • Cite as: Gregor, Luke; Gruber, Nicolas (2020). OceanSODA-ETHZ: A global gridded dataset of the surface ocean carbonate system for seasonal to decadal studies of ocean acidification (v2023) (NCEI Accession 0220059). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/m5wx-ja34. Accessed [date].
Cited Authors
Principal Investigators
Contributors
Resource Providers
Publishers
Theme keywords NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS WMO_CategoryCode
  • oceanography
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords OCADS Study Type
  • Data synthesis product
Provider Variable Abbreviations
  • DIC
  • HCO3
  • TAlk
  • TAstd
  • Time
  • lat (180)
  • lon (360)
  • omegaAR
  • omegaCA
  • pCO2
  • pCO2std
  • pH
  • salinity
  • temperature
Data Center keywords NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS
Platform keywords NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS
Instrument keywords NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords
Place keywords NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords Provider Geographic Names
  • Arctic Ocean
  • Atlantic Ocean
  • Indian Ocean
  • Pacific Ocean
  • Southern Ocean
Project keywords NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Cruise ID
  • Various
Ocean Acidification Search Keywords
  • Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project
Keywords NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER
Use Constraints
  • Cite as: Gregor, Luke; Gruber, Nicolas (2020). OceanSODA-ETHZ: A global gridded dataset of the surface ocean carbonate system for seasonal to decadal studies of ocean acidification (v2023) (NCEI Accession 0220059). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/m5wx-ja34. Accessed [date].
Access Constraints
  • Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
Fees
  • In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
Lineage information for: dataset
Processing Steps
  • 2020-09-28T19:11:00Z - NCEI Accession 0220059 v1.1 was published.
  • 2020-11-02T19:03:15Z - NCEI Accession 0220059 was revised and v2.2 was published.
    Rationale: Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession.
  • 2021-09-15T23:38:07Z - NCEI Accession 0220059 was revised and v3.3 was published.
    Rationale: Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession.
  • 2023-06-01T22:31:18Z - NCEI Accession 0220059 was revised and v4.4 was published.
    Rationale: Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession.
  • 2023-06-28T21:20:39Z - NCEI Accession 0220059 was revised and v5.5 was published.
    Rationale: Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession.
Output Datasets
Lineage information for: dataset
Processing Steps
  • Parameter or Variable: Time; Abbreviation: Time; Unit: days since 1985-01-01; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: min = 1985-01-01; max = 2022-12-15; calendar = proleptic_gregorian.
  • Parameter or Variable: Latitude; Abbreviation: lat (180); Unit: degrees_north; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: min = -89.5; max = 89.5.
  • Parameter or Variable: Longitude; Abbreviation: lon (360); Unit: degrees_east; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: min = -179.5; max = 179.5.
  • Parameter or Variable: surface_partial_pressure_of_carbon_dioxide_in_sea_water; Abbreviation: pCO2; Unit: µatm; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: description: surface ocean partial pressure of carbon dioxide estimated with gradient boosted decision trees (lightGBM) and feed-forward neural network (scikit-learn); predictors: xCO2glob, timeSin, timeCos, chlog_globcolour_filled, sst_ostia, sss_soda, u10_era5, v10_era5, mld_holte; testing_years: [1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015]; validation_years: [1987 1992 1997 2002 2007 2012 2017].
  • Parameter or Variable: standard deviation of pCO2; Abbreviation: pCO2std; Unit: µatm; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: description: standard deviation of the 16 pCO2 ensemble members as an analog of uncertainty.
  • Parameter or Variable: total_alkalinity_in_sea_water; Abbreviation: TAlk; Unit: µmol/kg; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: description: Total alkalinity estimated with Support vector regression (scikit-learn); predictors: sst_ostia, sss_soda, nitrateStar_woa18, silicate_woa18, adt_aviso_clim; testing_years: [1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 2016]; validation_years: [0].
  • Parameter or Variable: standard deviation of total alkalinity; Abbreviation: TAstd; Unit: µmol/kg; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: description: standard deviation of the 16 TA ensemble members as an analog of uncertainty.
  • Parameter or Variable: dissolved_inorganic_carbon_in_sea_water; Abbreviation: DIC; Unit: µmol/kg; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: description: DIC calculated with pyCO2SYS.
  • Parameter or Variable: pH on total scale; Abbreviation: pH; Unit: -log(H+); Detailed sampling and analyzing information: description: pH calculated with pyCO2SYS.
  • Parameter or Variable: Bicarbonate concentration; Abbreviation: HCO3; Unit: µmol/kg.
  • Parameter or Variable: omegaAr; Abbreviation: omegaAR; Unit: ratio.
  • Parameter or Variable: omegaAr; Abbreviation: omegaAR; Unit: ratio; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: description: aragonite saturation state, where values below are theoretically undersaturated.
  • Parameter or Variable: omegaCa; Abbreviation: omegaCA; Unit: ratio; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: description: calcite saturation state, where values below are theoretically undersaturated.
  • Parameter or Variable: sea_water_salinity, Practical Salinity; Abbreviation: salinity; Unit: psu; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: source; https://www2.atmos.umd.edu/%7Eocean/index_files/soda3.4.2_mn_download_b.htm; title: MOM5_SODA_3.4.2.; Method reference: Carton, J.A., G.A. Chepurin, and L. Chen, 2018a: SODA3: a new ocean climate reanalysis, J.Clim., 31, 6967-6983, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0149.1..
  • Parameter or Variable: sea_surface_foundation_temperature; Abbreviation: temperature; Unit: degC; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: title: OSTIA Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis; long_name: analysed sea surface temperature; entry_id: UKMO-L4HRfnd-GLOB-OSTIARAN; sst_type; foundation; Method reference: Merchant, C. J., Embury, O., Bulgin, C. E., Block, T., Corlett, G. K., Fiedler, E., … Donlon, C. J. (2019). Satellite-based time-series of sea-surface temperature since 1981 for climate applications. Scientific Data, 6(1), 223. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0236-x .
Acquisition Information (collection)
Instrument
  • carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer
  • CTD
  • Niskin bottle
Platform
  • VARIOUS CHARTERED VESSELS
Last Modified: 2024-12-31T12:46:52Z
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