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Effects of elevated carbon dioxide on Pacific cod larvae size and behavior from laboratory experiment studies from 2015-02-12 to 2016-07-02 (NCEI Accession 0202775)

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This dataset contains data from a multi-faceted analysis of the sensitivity of Pacific cod larvae to elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) levels based on laboratory experiment studies. Fish behavior in a horizontal light gradient was used to evaluate the sensitivity of behavioral phototaxis in 4–5 week old cod larvae. Fish at elevated CO2 levels (~1500 and 2250 μatm) exhibited a stronger phototaxis (moved more quickly to regions of higher light levels) than fish at ambient CO2 levels (~600μatm). In an independent experiment, we examined the effects of elevated CO2 levels on growth of larval Pacific cod over the first 5 weeks of life under two different feeding treatments. Fish exposed to elevated CO2 levels (~1700μatm) were smaller and had lower lipid levels at 2 weeks of age than fish at low (ambient) CO2 levels (~500μatm). However, by 5 weeks of age, this effect had reversed: fish reared at elevated CO2 levels were slightly (but not significantly) larger and had higher total lipid levels and storage lipids than fish reared at low CO2. Fatty acid composition differed significantly between fish reared at high and low CO2 levels (p less than 0.01) after 2 weeks of feeding, but this effect diminished by week 5. Effects of CO2 on FA composition of the larvae differed between the two diets, an effect possibly related more to dietary equilibrium and differential lipid class storage than a fundamental effect of CO2 on fatty acid metabolism. These experiments point to a stage-specific sensitivity of Pacific cod to the effects of OA. Further understanding of these effects will be required to predict the impacts on production of Pacific cod fisheries.
  • Cite as: Hurst, Thomas P.; Copeman, Louise A.; Haines, Scott A.; Meredith, Summer D.; Daniels, Kamilya; Hubbard, Kalyn M. (2019). Effects of elevated carbon dioxide on Pacific cod larvae size and behavior from laboratory experiment studies from 2015-02-12 to 2016-07-02 (NCEI Accession 0202775). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/y8xm-3306. Accessed [date].
gov.noaa.nodc:0202775
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Distributor NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
+1-301-713-3277
NCEI.Info@noaa.gov
Dataset Point of Contact NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
ncei.info@noaa.gov
Time Period 2015-02-12 to 2016-07-02
Spatial Bounding Box Coordinates
West: -122.76
East: -122.76
South: 48.135
North: 48.135
Spatial Coverage Map
General Documentation
Associated Resources
Publication Dates
  • publication: 2019-10-05
Data Presentation Form Digital table - digital representation of facts or figures systematically displayed, especially in columns
Dataset Progress Status Complete - production of the data has been completed
Historical archive - data has been stored in an offline storage facility
Data Update Frequency As needed
Supplemental Information
Funding agency: NOAA's Ocean Acidification Program
Project title: OA effects on growth and survival of Alaskan finfishes
Project ID: OAPFY13.03.AFSC.004

Hurst et al. (2019). Elevated CO2 alters behavior, growth, and lipid consumption of Pacific cod larvae, Marine Environmental Research, 145:52-65, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.02.004

Link to the paper: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141113618306202
Purpose To determine the effects of CO2 on behavior, growth, and health of Pacific cod larvae
Use Limitations
  • accessLevel: Public
  • Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
Dataset Citation
  • Cite as: Hurst, Thomas P.; Copeman, Louise A.; Haines, Scott A.; Meredith, Summer D.; Daniels, Kamilya; Hubbard, Kalyn M. (2019). Effects of elevated carbon dioxide on Pacific cod larvae size and behavior from laboratory experiment studies from 2015-02-12 to 2016-07-02 (NCEI Accession 0202775). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/y8xm-3306. Accessed [date].
Cited Authors
Principal Investigators
Contributors
Resource Providers
Publishers
Acknowledgments
  • Funding Information: NOAA Ocean Acidification Program (Effects of OA on Alaskan gadids: sensitivity to variation in prey quality and behavioral responses, 13327)
  • Funding Information: NOAA's Ocean Acidification Program (OA effects on growth and survival of Alaskan finfishes, OAPFY13.03.AFSC.004)
Theme keywords NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS WMO_CategoryCode
  • oceanography
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords OCADS Study Type
  • Laboratory experiment
Provider Variable Abbreviations
  • DIC
  • DW_Kmean
  • DW_Ksd
  • DWsd
  • Dwmean
  • FeedFrac
  • H2ODQ
  • MH_Kmean
  • MH_Ksd
  • MHmean
  • MHsd
  • NLMean
  • NLsd
  • Salinity
  • TA
  • Temp
  • calcCO2
  • calcO Ar
  • calcPH
  • dispersion
  • meancell_LR
  • meancell_relDark
Data Center keywords NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords
Instrument keywords NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords
Place keywords NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
Project keywords NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Ocean Acidification Search Keywords
  • Ocean Acidification Program (OAP)
  • Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project
Keywords NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER
Use Constraints
  • Cite as: Hurst, Thomas P.; Copeman, Louise A.; Haines, Scott A.; Meredith, Summer D.; Daniels, Kamilya; Hubbard, Kalyn M. (2019). Effects of elevated carbon dioxide on Pacific cod larvae size and behavior from laboratory experiment studies from 2015-02-12 to 2016-07-02 (NCEI Accession 0202775). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/y8xm-3306. Accessed [date].
Access Constraints
  • Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
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  • In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
Lineage information for: dataset
Processing Steps
  • 2019-10-05T08:16:53Z - NCEI Accession 0202775 v1.1 was published.
Output Datasets
Lineage information for: dataset
Processing Steps
  • Parameter or Variable: Dissolved Inorganic Carbon; Abbreviation: DIC; Unit: umol/kg; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Manipulation condition; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Siphoning tube; Analyzing instrument: AIRICA (Automated InfraRed Inorganic Carbon Analyzer); Preservation method: saturated HgCl2; Preservative correction: no correction.; Uncertainty: 0.05%; Quality flag convention: "h2oDQ" reflects reliabiltity of data: 1=good; 2=questionable/outlier/estimated; 3=known error.; Researcher name: Natalie Monacci; Researcher institution: Ocean Acidification Research Center at the University of Alaska at Fairbanks.
  • Parameter or Variable: Total alkalinity; Abbreviation: TA; Unit: umol/kg; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Manipulation condition; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Siphoning tube; Analyzing instrument: VINDTA 3C (Versatile Instrument for the Determination of dissolved inorganic carbon and Total Alkalinity); CRM manufacturer: Andrew Dickson's lab at Scripps Institute of Oceanography; Preservation method: saturated HgCl2; Preservative correction: no correction.; Uncertainty: 0.05%; Quality flag convention: "h2oDQ" reflects reliabiltity of data: 1=good; 2=questionable/outlier/estimated; 3=known error.; Researcher name: Natalie Monacci; Researcher institution: Ocean Acidification Research Center at the University of Alaska at Fairbanks.
  • Parameter or Variable: pH; Abbreviation: calcPH; pH scale: Seawater; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Manipulation condition; Measured or calculated: calculated; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: calculated from DIC, TA, temperature, and salinity; Quality flag convention: "h2oDQ" reflects reliabiltity of data: 1=good; 2=questionable/outlier/estimated; 3=known error.; Method reference: Lewis and Wallace 1995. Basic programs for the CO2 system in seawater. Brookhaven National Laboratory. BNL-61827; Researcher name: Natalie Monacci; Researcher institution: Ocean Acidification Research Center at the University of Alaska at Fairbanks.
  • Parameter or Variable: pCO2 (fCO2) autonomous; Abbreviation: calcCO2; Unit: uatm; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Manipulation condition; Measured or calculated: Calculated; Calculation method and parameters: calculated from DIC, TA, temperature, and salinity; Quality flag convention: "h2oDQ" reflects reliabiltity of data: 1=good; 2=questionable/outlier/estimated; 3=known error.; Method reference: Lewis and Wallace 1995. Basic programs for the CO2 system in seawater. Brookhaven National Laboratory. BNL-61827; Researcher name: Natalie Monacci; Researcher institution: Ocean Acidification Research Center at the University of Alaska at Fairbanks.
  • Parameter or Variable: Water temperature; Abbreviation: Temp; Unit: degrees centigrade; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Manipulation condition; Measured or calculated: measured; Analyzing instrument: various; Researcher name: Thomas P. Hurst; Researcher institution: NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center.
  • Parameter or Variable: Water salinity; Abbreviation: Salinity; Unit: parts per thousand; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Manipulation condition; Measured or calculated: measured; Analyzing instrument: Yellow Springs International meter - Model YSI 85; Researcher name: Thomas P. Hurst; Researcher institution: NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center.
  • Parameter or Variable: Aragonite saturation state; Abbreviation: calcO Ar; Unit: omega; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Manipulation condition; Measured or calculated: calculated; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: calculated using CO2sys program; Quality flag convention: "h2oDQ" reflects reliabiltity of data: 1=good; 2=questionable/outlier/estimated; 3=known error.; Researcher name: Natalie Monacci; Researcher institution: Ocean Acidification Research Center at the University of Alaska at Fairbanks.
  • Parameter or Variable: Data quality flag for CO2 system measures; Abbreviation: H2ODQ; Unit: coded: 1=good; 2=questionable/outlier/estimated; 3=known error.; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; Researcher name: Thomas P. Hurst; Researcher institution: NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center.
  • Parameter or Variable: Mean notochord length; Abbreviation: NLMean; Unit: mm; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: response variable; Measured or calculated: measured; Sampling instrument: dissecting microscope; Analyzing instrument: ImagePro image analysis system; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Larvae were sampled and measured at specified intervals in the experiment. Each sampling, up to 20 larvae from each replicate tank were digitally photographed under a dissecting microscope. An image analysis system was used to measure fish from the photographs.; Replicate information: Up to 15 fish were measured from each treatment replicate on each sampling date; Biological subject: Pacific cod; Species ID: Gadus macrocephalus; Researcher name: Thomas P. Hurst; Researcher institution: NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center.
  • Parameter or Variable: Standard deviation of notochord length; Abbreviation: NLsd; Unit: mm; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: response variable; Measured or calculated: measured; Sampling instrument: dissecting microscope; Analyzing instrument: ImagePro image analysis system; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Larvae were sampled and measured at specified intervals in the experiment. Each sampling, up to 20 larvae from each replicate tank were digitally photographed under a dissecting microscope. An image analysis system was used to measure fish from the photographs.; Replicate information: Up to 15 fish were measured from each treatment replicate on each sampling date; Biological subject: Pacific cod; Species ID: Gadus macrocephalus; Researcher name: Thomas P. Hurst; Researcher institution: NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center.
  • Parameter or Variable: Mean body height (myotome height); Abbreviation: MHmean; Unit: mm; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: response variable; Measured or calculated: measured; Sampling instrument: dissecting microscope; Analyzing instrument: ImagePro image analysis system; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Larvae were sampled and measured at specified intervals in the experiment. Each sampling, up to 20 larvae from each replicate tank were digitally photographed under a dissecting microscope. An image analysis system was used to measure fish from the photographs.; Replicate information: Up to 15 fish were measured from each treatment replicate on each sampling date; Biological subject: Pacific cod; Species ID: Gadus macrocephalus; Researcher name: Thomas P. Hurst; Researcher institution: NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center.
  • Parameter or Variable: Standard deviation of body height (myotome height); Abbreviation: MHsd; Unit: mm; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: response variable; Measured or calculated: measured; Sampling instrument: dissecting microscope; Analyzing instrument: ImagePro image analysis system; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Larvae were sampled and measured at specified intervals in the experiment. Each sampling, up to 20 larvae from each replicate tank were digitally photographed under a dissecting microscope. An image analysis system was used to measure fish from the photographs.; Replicate information: Up to 15 fish were measured from each treatment replicate on each sampling date; Biological subject: Pacific cod; Species ID: Gadus macrocephalus; Researcher name: Thomas P. Hurst; Researcher institution: NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center.
  • Parameter or Variable: Mean body condition - expressed as fractional deviation from from ontogenetic relationship between SL and MH; Abbreviation: MH_Kmean; Unit: mm; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: response variable; Measured or calculated: measured; Sampling instrument: dissecting microscope; Analyzing instrument: ImagePro image analysis system; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Larvae were sampled and measured at specified intervals in the experiment. Each sampling, up to 20 larvae from each replicate tank were digitally photographed under a dissecting microscope. An image analysis system was used to measure fish from the photographs.; Replicate information: Up to 15 fish were measured from each treatment replicate on each sampling date; Biological subject: Pacific cod; Species ID: Gadus macrocephalus; Researcher name: Thomas P. Hurst; Researcher institution: NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center.
  • Parameter or Variable: standard deviation of body condition - expressed as fractional deviation from from ontogenetic relationship between SL and MH; Abbreviation: MH_Ksd; Unit: mm; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: response variable; Measured or calculated: measured; Sampling instrument: dissecting microscope; Analyzing instrument: ImagePro image analysis system; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Larvae were sampled and measured at specified intervals in the experiment. Each sampling, up to 20 larvae from each replicate tank were digitally photographed under a dissecting microscope. An image analysis system was used to measure fish from the photographs.; Replicate information: Up to 15 fish were measured from each treatment replicate on each sampling date; Biological subject: Pacific cod; Species ID: Gadus macrocephalus; Researcher name: Thomas P. Hurst; Researcher institution: NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center.
  • Parameter or Variable: fraction of fish in a sample with food in stomach; Abbreviation: FeedFrac; Unit: none; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: response variable; Measured or calculated: calculated; Sampling instrument: dissecting microscope; Analyzing instrument: ImagePro image analysis system; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Larvae were sampled and measured at specified intervals in the experiment. Each sampling, up to 20 larvae from each replicate tank were digitally photographed under a dissecting microscope. An image analysis system was used to measure fish from the photographs.; Replicate information: Up to 15 fish were measured from each treatment replicate on each sampling date; Biological subject: Pacific cod; Species ID: Gadus macrocephalus; Researcher name: Thomas P. Hurst; Researcher institution: NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center.
  • Parameter or Variable: Mean dry weight; Abbreviation: Dwmean; Unit: micrograms; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: response variable; Measured or calculated: measured; Analyzing instrument: Sartorius Microbalance ME5; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Fish were rinsed in ammonium formate and dried at 50oC for at least 48 hours prior to measurement; Replicate information: Fish were weighed individually or in pooled samples of 5 larvae; Biological subject: Pacific cod; Species ID: Gadus macrocephalus; Researcher name: Thomas P. Hurst; Researcher institution: NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center.
  • Parameter or Variable: Standard deviation of individual dryweight; Abbreviation: DWsd; Unit: response variable; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Laboratory experiment; Measured or calculated: micrograms; Calculation method and parameters: measured; Analyzing instrument: Sartorius Microbalance ME5; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Fish were rinsed in ammonium formate and dried at 50oC for at least 48 hours prior to measurement; Replicate information: Fish were weighed individually or in pooled samples of 5 larvae; Biological subject: Pacific cod; Species ID: Gadus macrocephalus; Researcher name: Thomas P. Hurst; Researcher institution: NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center.
  • Parameter or Variable: Mean body condition - expressed as fractional deviation from from ontogenetic relationship between SL and DW; Abbreviation: DW_Kmean; Unit: mm; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: response variable; Measured or calculated: measured; Sampling instrument: dissecting microscope; Analyzing instrument: ImagePro image analysis system; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Fish were rinsed in ammonium formate and dried at 50oC for at least 48 hours prior to measurement; Replicate information: Fish were weighed individually or in pooled samples of 5 larvae; Biological subject: Pacific cod; Species ID: Gadus macrocephalus; Researcher name: Thomas P. Hurst; Researcher institution: NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center.
  • Parameter or Variable: Standard deviation body condition - expressed as fractional deviation from from ontogenetic relationship between SL and DW; Abbreviation: DW_Ksd; Unit: mm; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: response variable; Measured or calculated: measured; Sampling instrument: dissecting microscope; Analyzing instrument: ImagePro image analysis system; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Fish were rinsed in ammonium formate and dried at 50oC for at least 48 hours prior to measurement; Replicate information: Fish were weighed individually or in pooled samples of 5 larvae; Biological subject: Pacific cod; Species ID: Gadus macrocephalus; Researcher name: Thomas P. Hurst; Researcher institution: NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center.
  • Parameter or Variable: mean cell location from left (1) to right (8); Abbreviation: meancell_LR; Unit: cell number; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: response variable; Measured or calculated: calculated; Calculation method and parameters: coded: tank cells/zones from left (1) to right (8); Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Following a 15-min acllimation period, locations were determined in 2.5 min intervals for 20 min total (i.e. light gradient shifted in the opposite direction at 10 min.); Replicate information: Fish were tested in groups of six and individual locations were averaged at 2.5 min intervals; Biological subject: Pacific cod; Species ID: Gadus macrocephalus; Researcher name: Thomas P. Hurst; Researcher institution: NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center.
  • Parameter or Variable: mean cell location relative to the dark side of the light gradient cover; Abbreviation: meancell_relDark; Unit: cell number; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: response variable; Measured or calculated: calculated; Calculation method and parameters: Average of each individual's distance (cell number) from the dark end of the light gradient; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Following a 15-min acllimation period, locations were determined in 2.5 min intervals for 20 min total (i.e. light gradient shifted in the opposite direction at 10 min.); Replicate information: Fish were tested in groups of six and individual locations were averaged at 2.5 min intervals; Biological subject: Pacific cod; Species ID: Gadus macrocephalus; Researcher name: Thomas P. Hurst; Researcher institution: NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center.
  • Parameter or Variable: dispersion of fish across tank cells (or zones); Abbreviation: dispersion; Unit: cell number; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: response variable; Measured or calculated: calculated; Calculation method and parameters: number of tank cells/zones (of 8) that were occupied by at least 1 larva (score of no more than 6); Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Following a 15-min acllimation period, locations were determined in 2.5 min intervals for 20 min total (i.e. light gradient shifted in the opposite direction at 10 min.); Replicate information: Fish were tested in groups of six and individual locations were averaged at every 2.5 min interval; Biological subject: Pacific cod; Species ID: Gadus macrocephalus; Researcher name: Thomas P. Hurst; Researcher institution: NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center .
Acquisition Information (collection)
Instrument
  • Non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) analyzer
Last Modified: 2024-02-09T00:41:04Z
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