| Processing Steps |
- Parameter or Variable: WATER TEMPERATURE (measured); Units: degrees C; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD; Sampling and Analyzing Method: At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at a rate of ~30m/minute, and ~50m/minute below ~150 meters depth. Profiles were collected on the downcast using dual SeaBird temperature sensors calibrated to ITS-90 temperature.; Data Quality Method: Data were processed and calibrations applied using SeaBird Seasoft software and pre- and post-cruise calibration data. Post-processing at PMEL included filtering extreme outliers and extrapolation of top 3-10 meters to the surface. Each cast was visually reviewed for reasonableness, density inversions (greater than 0.02 sigma-t) caused by spurious measurements, and comparison of dual temperature and conductivity sensor data. Profile data were bin-averaged to 1 meter..
- Parameter or Variable: SALINITY (measured); Units: psu; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD; Sampling and Analyzing Method: At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at a rate of ~30m/minute, and ~50m/minute below ~150 meters depth. Profiles were collected on the downcast using dual Seabird conductivity probes. Bottle salt samples were collected every second or third cast for calibration. Salinity was calculated (PSS-78), from conductivity and temperature (ITS90).; Data Quality Method: Data were processed and calibrations applied using SeaBird Seasoft software and pre- and post-cruise calibration data. Post-processing at PMEL included filtering extreme outliers and extrapolation of top 3-10 meters to the surface. Each cast was visually reviewed for reasonableness, density inversions (greater than 0.02 sigma-t) caused by spurious measurements, and comparison of dual sensor data. Profile data were bin-averaged to 1 meter..
- Parameter or Variable: SIGMA-T (calculated); Units: kg/m^3; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Sigma-T was calculated from primary salinity and temperature data using SeaBird Seasoft processing software.; Data Quality Method: See descriptions for temperature and salinity data. Post-processing at PMEL includes filtering extreme outliers and extrapolation of top 3-10 meters to the surface. Each cast is visually reviewed for reasonableness, density inversions (greater than 0.02 sigma-t) caused by spurious measurements, and comparison of dual temperature and salinity (from conductivity sensor) data. Profile data are bin-averaged to 1 meter..
- Parameter or Variable: Dissolved Oxygen Concentration (measured); Units: micromole/kilogram; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: SeaBird SBE43 Dissolved Oxygen Sensor; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Data were collected via CTD. At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at a rate of ~30m/minute, and ~50m/minute below ~150 meters depth. Profiles were collected on the downcast using SeaBird SBE43 Dissolved Oxygen sensors. Water bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast. Once on board, water samples were taken from Niskin bottles for oxygen sensor calibration.; Data Quality Method: Data are processed and calibrations applied using SeaBird Seasoft software. Post-processing at PMEL includes filtering extreme outliers and extrapolation of top 3-10 meters to the surface. Each cast is visually reviewed for reasonableness, spurious measurements, and comparison of dual oxygen sensors. Profile data are bin-averaged to 1 meter..
- Parameter or Variable: PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVE RADIATION (PAR) (measured); Units: microEinsteins/M^2 S; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Biospherical Licor Chelsea Sensor; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Data were collected via CTD platform using a SeaBird 911plus and attached Biospherical Licor Chelsea sensor. At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at a rate of ~30m/minute, and ~50m/minute below ~150 meters depth. Water bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast. PAR data are from CTD downcast.; Data Quality Method: Data are processed and calibrations applied using SeaBird Seasoft CTD software. Post-processing at PMEL includes filtering extreme outliers and extrapolation of top 3-10 meters to the surface. Each cast is visually reviewed for reasonableness and spurious measurements. Profile data are bin-averaged to 1 meter..
- Parameter or Variable: CHLOROPHYLL A CONCENTRATION (measured); Units: micrograms/liter; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: WETLabs WETStar Fluorometer; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Data were collected via CTD platform using a SeaBird 911plus with attached fluorometer. At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at a rate of ~30m/minute, and ~50m/minute below ~150 meters depth. Fluorometer chlorophyll data are from CTD downcast.; Data Quality Method: Data are processed and calibrations applied using SeaBird Seasoft CTD software. Post-processing at PMEL includes filtering extreme outliers and extrapolation of top 3-10 meters to the surface. Each cast is visually reviewed for reasonableness and spurious measurements. Profile data are bin-averaged to 1 meter..
- Parameter or Variable: phosphate concentration (measured); Units: microgram/liter; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle, SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD; Sampling and Analyzing Method: ata were collected via CTD platform using a SeaBird 911plus (Seasave software, version 7.20c). At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at ~30m/minute down to 150 m (on average) and ~50m/minute below that. Water bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast. Ascent was at the same or faster rate. Once on board, these water samples were taken from Niskin bottles.; Data Quality Method: Nutrient samples were analyzed according to the methods of Gordon, et al. Samples were collected in 50 ml high-density polyethylene bottles that were rinsed first with 10% HCl prior to each station, and rinsed at least three times with sample before filling. Some samples were refrigerated for 3-12 hours prior to analysis, and some frozen for later analysis. Reference: Gordon, L.I., Jennings, J.C., Jr., Ros, A.A. and Krest, J.M., 1993. A suggested protocol for continuous flow automated analysis of seawater nutrients (Phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and silicic acid) in the WOCE Hydrographic Program and the Joint Global Ocean fluxes Study. WOCE Operations Manual, Part 3.1.3 "WHP Operations and Methods" (WOCE Hydrographic Program Office, Methods Manual 91-1) Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie, Postfach 30 12 20, 2000 Hamburg 36 Germany..
- Parameter or Variable: Silicate concentration (measured); Units: micromole/liter; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle, SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Data were collected via CTD platform using a SeaBird 911plus (Seasave software, version 7.20c). At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at ~30m/minute down to 150 m (on average) and ~50m/minute below that. Water bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast. Ascent was at the same or faster rate. Once on board, these water samples were taken from Niskin bottles.; Data Quality Method: Nutrient samples were analyzed according to the methods of Gordon, et al. Samples were collected in 50 ml high-density polyethylene bottles that were rinsed first with 10% HCl prior to each station, and rinsed at least three times with sample before filling. Some samples were refrigerated for 3-12 hours prior to analysis, and some frozen for later analysis. Reference: Gordon, L.I., Jennings, J.C., Jr., Ros, A.A. and Krest, J.M., 1993. A suggested protocol for continuous flow automated analysis of seawater nutrients (Phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and silicic acid) in the WOCE Hydrographic Program and the Joint Global Ocean fluxes Study. WOCE Operations Manual, Part 3.1.3 "WHP Operations and Methods" (WOCE Hydrographic Program Office, Methods Manual 91-1) Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie, Postfach 30 12 20, 2000 Hamburg 36 Germany..
- Parameter or Variable: Nitrate concentration (measured); Units: micromole/liter; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle, SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Data were collected via CTD platform using a SeaBird 911plus (Seasave software, version 7.20c). At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at ~30m/minute down to 150 m (on average) and ~50m/minute below that. Water bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast. Ascent was at the same or faster rate. Once on board, these water samples were taken from Niskin bottles.; Data Quality Method: Nutrient samples were analyzed according to the methods of Gordon, et al. Samples were collected in 50 ml high-density polyethylene bottles that were rinsed first with 10% HCl prior to each station, and rinsed at least three times with sample before filling. Some samples were refrigerated for 3-12 hours prior to analysis, and some frozen for later analysis. Reference: Gordon, L.I., Jennings, J.C., Jr., Ros, A.A. and Krest, J.M., 1993. A suggested protocol for continuous flow automated analysis of seawater nutrients (Phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and silicic acid) in the WOCE Hydrographic Program and the Joint Global Ocean fluxes Study. WOCE Operations Manual, Part 3.1.3 "WHP Operations and Methods" (WOCE Hydrographic Program Office, Methods Manual 91-1) Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie, Postfach 30 12 20, 2000 Hamburg 36 Germany..
- Parameter or Variable: Nitrite concentration (measured); Units: micromole/liter; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle, SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Data were collected via CTD platform using a SeaBird 911plus (Seasave software, version 7.20c). At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at ~30m/minute down to 150 m (on average) and ~50m/minute below that. Water bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast. Ascent was at the same or faster rate. Once on board, these water samples were taken from Niskin bottles.; Data Quality Method: Nutrient samples were analyzed according to the methods of Gordon, et al. Samples were collected in 50 ml high-density polyethylene bottles that were rinsed first with 10% HCl prior to each station, and rinsed at least three times with sample before filling. Some samples were refrigerated for 3-12 hours prior to analysis, and some frozen for later analysis. Reference: Gordon, L.I., Jennings, J.C., Jr., Ros, A.A. and Krest, J.M., 1993. A suggested protocol for continuous flow automated analysis of seawater nutrients (Phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and silicic acid) in the WOCE Hydrographic Program and the Joint Global Ocean fluxes Study. WOCE Operations Manual, Part 3.1.3 "WHP Operations and Methods" (WOCE Hydrographic Program Office, Methods Manual 91-1) Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie, Postfach 30 12 20, 2000 Hamburg 36 Germany..
- Parameter or Variable: Ammonium concentration (measured); Units: micromole/liter; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle, SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Data were collected via CTD platform using a SeaBird 911plus (Seasave software, version 7.20c). At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at ~30m/minute down to 150 m (on average) and ~50m/minute below that. Water bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast. Ascent was at the same or faster rate. Once on board, these water samples were taken from Niskin bottles.; Data Quality Method: Nutrient samples were analyzed according to the methods of Gordon, et al. Samples were collected in 50 ml high-density polyethylene bottles that were rinsed first with 10% HCl prior to each station, and rinsed at least three times with sample before filling. Some samples were refrigerated for 3-12 hours prior to analysis, and some frozen for later analysis. Reference: Gordon, L.I., Jennings, J.C., Jr., Ros, A.A. and Krest, J.M., 1993. A suggested protocol for continuous flow automated analysis of seawater nutrients (Phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and silicic acid) in the WOCE Hydrographic Program and the Joint Global Ocean fluxes Study. WOCE Operations Manual, Part 3.1.3 "WHP Operations and Methods" (WOCE Hydrographic Program Office, Methods Manual 91-1) Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie, Postfach 30 12 20, 2000 Hamburg 36 Germany..
- Parameter or Variable: Oxygen saturation (measured); Units: percent; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD.
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