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Dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, pH, phosphate and other variables collected from surface discrete observations in the southwest coast of Puerto Rico from 2009-01-16 to 2022-04-22 (NCEI Accession 0284746)

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This data set includes measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TALK), pH, phosphates and profile measurements of temperature and salinity in the southwest coast of Puerto Rico from 2009 to 2019. These data are used to track the dynamics and controls on local carbon chemistry at the southwest part of Puerto Rico in support of ocean acidification and water quality research in regional coastal areas.

Dataset Citation

Cite as: Morell, Julio M.; Meléndez, Melissa; García-Troche, Erick M.; Salisbury, Joseph E. (2023). Dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, pH, phosphate and other variables collected from surface discrete observations in the southwest coast of Puerto Rico from 2009-01-16 to 2022-04-22 (NCEI Accession 0284746). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/785k-5y13. Accessed [date].

Dataset Identifiers

ISO 19115-2 Metadata

gov.noaa.nodc:0284746

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Distributor	NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 NCEI.Info@noaa.gov
Dataset Point of Contact	NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov

Time Period	2009-01-16 to 2022-04-22
Spatial Bounding Box Coordinates	West: -67.0511 East: -67.0142 South: 17.87 North: 17.9725
Spatial Coverage Map

General Documentation	Project Metadata Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.
Associated Resources	NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system OCADS website

Publication Dates	publication: 2023-11-04
Data Presentation Form	Digital table - digital representation of facts or figures systematically displayed, especially in columns
Dataset Progress Status	Complete - production of the data has been completed Historical archive - data has been stored in an offline storage facility
Data Update Frequency	As needed
Supplemental Information	This data package (Submission ID: BGC0CPYUV) was acquired by NCEI from the Scientific Data Integration System (SDIS) at the NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) in accordance with the archival submission agreement between NCEI and PMEL.
Purpose	This dataset is available to the public for a wide variety of uses including scientific research and analysis.
Use Limitations	accessLevel: Public Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.

Dataset Citation	Cite as: Morell, Julio M.; Meléndez, Melissa; García-Troche, Erick M.; Salisbury, Joseph E. (2023). Dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, pH, phosphate and other variables collected from surface discrete observations in the southwest coast of Puerto Rico from 2009-01-16 to 2022-04-22 (NCEI Accession 0284746). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/785k-5y13. Accessed [date].
Cited Authors	Morell, Julio M. University of Puerto Rico; Department of Marine Sciences - Mayaguez Meléndez, Melissa García-Troche, Erick M. University of Puerto Rico Salisbury, Joseph E.
Principal Investigators	Julio M. Morell University of Puerto Rico; Department of Marine Sciences - Mayaguez
Contributors	University of Puerto Rico
Resource Providers	Priscilla Molina Cora University of Puerto Rico University of Puerto Rico
Publishers	NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information

Theme keywords	NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS DEPTH - OBSERVATION DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC) DISSOLVED OXYGEN HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE NITRATE pH phosphate SALINITY silicate total alkalinity WATER TEMPERATURE NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS chemical physical surface underway WMO_CategoryCode oceanography Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > ALKALINITY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > INORGANIC CARBON EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITRATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > OXYGEN EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > PH EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > PHOSPHATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > SILICATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN PRESSURE > WATER PRESSURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY OCADS Study Type Discrete measurement Time series Provider Variable Abbreviations CTDPRES [dbar] CTDSAL_PSS78 CTDTEMP_ITS90 [deg_C] DIC Depth [m] Depth_bottom [m] Nitrate [umol/kg] Oxygen [umol/kg] Phosphate [umol/kg] Silicate [umol/kg] TA pH
Data Center keywords	NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS University of Puerto Rico NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS University of Puerto Rico
Instrument keywords	NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS CTD Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords CTD > Conductivity, Temperature, Depth
Place keywords	NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS Caribbean Sea Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN > CARIBBEAN SEA
Project keywords	NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS US DOC; NOAA; Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research; Ocean Acidification Program (OAP) Ocean Acidification Search Keywords Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project
Keywords	NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 0284746

Use Constraints	Cite as: Morell, Julio M.; Meléndez, Melissa; García-Troche, Erick M.; Salisbury, Joseph E. (2023). Dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, pH, phosphate and other variables collected from surface discrete observations in the southwest coast of Puerto Rico from 2009-01-16 to 2022-04-22 (NCEI Accession 0284746). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/785k-5y13. Accessed [date].
Access Constraints	Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
Fees	In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.

Lineage information for: dataset
Processing Steps	2023-11-04T23:08:49Z - NCEI Accession 0284746 v1.1 was published.
Output Datasets	NCEI Accession 0284746 v1.1 NCEI Accession 0284746 v1.1 (download) published 2023-11-04T23:08:49Z

Lineage information for: dataset
Processing Steps	Parameter or Variable: Dissolved Inorganic Carbon; Abbreviation: DIC; Unit: μmol/kg; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Van Dorn Bottle; Analyzing instrument: Apollo SciTech AS-C2 automated analyzer; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: DIC samples were analyzed at UNH by measuring the infrared absorption of the CO_2 released upon the acidification of the sample with 10% phosphoric acid using an Apollo SciTech AS-C2 automated DIC analyzer. The instrument and method precision as implemented was ±2 μmol kg-1.; Standardization frequency: Calibration is at the beginning of the day. Standard checks are done every 5 samples and at the end of the day.; CRM manufacturer: Andrew Dickson's laboratory at Scripps Institute of Oceanography; CRM batch number: Multiple Batches; Preservation method: Saturated Mercury Chloride (HgCl_2); Preservative volume: 25 uL; Uncertainty: 2; Researcher name: Joseph Salisbury; Researcher institution: University of New Hampshire. Parameter or Variable: Total alkalinity; Abbreviation: TA; Unit: μmol/kg; Observation type: Discrete water sample; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Van Dorn Bottle; Analyzing instrument: Custom-built Gran titration system by Dr. Chirs Langdon for samples analyzed at UPRM (2009 - June 2014). Automated titrator with a Orion 3-Star pH electrode (Thermo Fisher Inc.) for samples analyzed at UNH (Jul 2014 - present).; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: PRM - The Dickson Certified Reference Materials were used to standardize the nominal 0.1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) titrant at a rate of 0.2515 uL per step. The uncertainty of the instrument and analytical methods as implemented were ± 1 -2 μmol kg-1 SW. UNH - TA is measuring by Gran titration with 0.1 N HCl using an automated titrator. The pH electrode use in the TA titration is an Orion 3-Star, Thermo Fisher Inc., calibrated using three low ionic strength pH buffers certified on the U.S. National Bureau of Standards (NBS) scale to ±0.01.; Standardization description: UPRM - 0.1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) was standarized with Dickson CRMs and sample triplicates. UNH- Calibrated with multiple batches of the Dickson CRM; Standardization frequency: UPRM - Calibration was at the beginning of the analysis. UNH - Calibration is at the beginning of the day. Standard checks are done every 5 samples and at the end of the day.; CRM manufacturer: Andrew Dickson's laboratory at Scripps Institute of Oceanography; CRM batch number: Multiple Batches; Preservation method: Saturated Mercury Chloride (HgCl_2); Preservative volume: 50 uL for 250 mL bottles, 25 uL for 125 bottles and 12 uL for 60 mL bottles; Uncertainty: UPRM from 1 to 2 μmol kg-1 and UNH between 3 to 4 μmol kg−1; Quality flag convention: 1-Not Analyzed; 2-Good; 3-Questionable, 4-Bad; 5-Not reported; 6-Duplicate; 9-Missing Values. Samples values that are not reported appear as -999 with the corresponding flag number 5.; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Joseph Salisbury; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez; University of New Hampshire. Parameter or Variable: pH; Abbreviation: pH; pH scale: Total scale (T); Observation type: Discrete water sample; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Van Dorn Bottle; Analyzing instrument: Shimadzu 1601 and Shimadzu 1800 spectrophotometers; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: The pH analysis are accomplished within 24 hours of sampling, if not the sample is preserved with a saturated solution of mercury chloride. M-cresol purple is used as the indicator dye and absorbances are recorded at 434, 578 and 780 nm (2009-2016); and 434, 488 ,578 and 730-750 nm (2017-present). Methanol and distilled water are used to rinse between runs. The pH value is calculated considering the Henderson-Hasselbalch and Beer-Lambert Law equations, in-situ salinities and temperatures, laboratory temperature and extinction coefficients for the dye. Each sample is analyzed in triplicate in 10 cm pathlength quartz cylindrical cells with distilled water in the background over a wavelength range to 425 to 790 nm at 1.0 nm intervals.; Standardization description: none; Standardization frequency: none; pH standard values: none; Temperature of standardization: none; Temperature correction method: Liu, X., Patsavas, M.C., Byrne R.H. 2011. Purification and characterization of meta-cresol purple for spectrophotometric seawater pH measurements. Environ Sci Technol. 45(11), p. 4862-4868.; At what temperature was pH reported: in-situ temperature; Uncertainty: 0.003; Quality flag convention: 1-Not Analyzed; 2-Good; 3-Questionable, 4-Bad; 5-Not reported; 6-Duplicate; 9- Missing Value. Samples values that are not reported appear as -999 with the corresponding flag number 5.; Method reference: Dickson, A.G., Sabine, C.L. and Christian, J.R. (Eds.) 2007. Guide to best practices for ocean CO2 measurements. PICES Special Publication 3, 191 pp.; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez. Parameter or Variable: Hydrostatic pressure recorded from CTD at the depth where the sample is taken; Abbreviation: CTDPRES [dbar]; Unit: dbar; Observation type: Profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: SBE25 CTD (SBE 29 strain gauge pressure sensor); Analyzing instrument: SeaTerm and SBE Data Processing; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Profile measurements are continually taken at a frequency of 8 hertz. Profiles are subject to the depth of the sampled site. Hexadecimal raw data is downloaded from the CTD using the Seaterm software and converted to comma separated values format with SBE Data Processing.; Uncertainty: 0.6; Quality flag convention: 1-Not Analyzed; 2-Good; 3-Questionable, 4-Bad; 5-Not reported; 6-Duplicate; 9-Missing Values. Samples values that are not reported appear as -999 with the corresponding flag number 5.; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez. Parameter or Variable: Depth at which a sample is taken; Abbreviation: Depth [m]; Unit: METER; Observation type: profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: SBE25 CTD (SBE 29 strain gauge pressure sensor); Analyzing instrument: SeaTerm and SBE Data Processing; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Profile measurements are continually taken at a frequency of 8 hertz. Profiles are subject to the depth of the sampled site. Hexadecimal raw data is downloaded from the CTD using the Seaterm software and converted to comma separated values format with SBE Data Processing.; Uncertainty: 0.6; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez. Parameter or Variable: Bottom water depth of the sampling station; Abbreviation: Depth_bottom [m]; Unit: METER; Observation type: PROFILE; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez. Parameter or Variable: In situ temperature recorded from CTD on the ITS-90 scale.; Abbreviation: CTDTEMP_ITS90 [deg_C]; Unit: degree Celsius; Observation type: PROFILE; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: SBE25 CTD (SBE 3F temperature sensor); Analyzing instrument: SeaTerm and SBE Data Processing; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Profile measurements are continually taken at a frequency of 8 hertz. Profiles are subject to the depth of the sampled site. Hexadecimal raw data is downloaded from the CTD using the Seaterm software and converted to comma separated values format with SBE Data Processing.; Uncertainty: 0.001; Quality flag convention: 1-Not Analyzed; 2-Good; 3-Questionable, 4-Bad; 5-Not reported; 6-Duplicate; 9-Missing Values. Samples values that are not reported appear as -999 with the corresponding flag number 5.; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez. Parameter or Variable: Salinity calculated from conductivity recorded with CTD using the equation of the Practical Salinity Scale of 1978.; Abbreviation: CTDSAL_PSS78; Unit: PSU; Observation type: profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: SBE25 CTD (SBE 4C conductivity sensor); Analyzing instrument: SeaTerm and SBE Data Processing; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Profile measurements are continually taken at a frequency of 8 hertz. Profiles are subject to the depth of the sampled site. Hexadecimal raw data is downloaded from the CTD using the Seaterm software and converted to comma separated values format with SBE Data Processing.; Uncertainty: 0.003; Quality flag convention: 1-Not Analyzed; 2-Good; 3-Questionable, 4-Bad; 5-Not reported; 6-Duplicate; 9-Missing Values. Samples values that are not reported appear as -999 with the corresponding flag number 5.; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez. Parameter or Variable: Dissolved oxygen (O2) content measured from discrete-bottle-based Winkler titration; Abbreviation: Oxygen [umol/kg]; Unit: μmol/kg; Observation type: Discrete water sample; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Van Dorn Bottle; Analyzing instrument: Mettler Toledo DL50_Winkler; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: These DO samples are immediately analyzed by the Winkler method(Astor et al., 2013; Grasshoff et al., 2007).; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez. Parameter or Variable: Concentration of silicate (Si(OH)4, H4SiO4, SiO2, Sil) measured from discrete; Abbreviation: Silicate [umol/kg]; Unit: μmol/kg; Observation type: Discrete water sample; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Van Dorn Bottle; Analyzing instrument: Shimadzu 1601 and Shimadzu 1800 spectrophotometers; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples where preserved at 4degC for later analysis. Absorbance is measured at 810 nm in a double beam spectrophotometer in the UV-visible region. A calibration curve of sodium silicofluoride standard solutions is considered to determine the unknown concentrations of reactive silicate in seawater solution.; Uncertainty: 0.25; Quality flag convention: 1-Not Analyzed; 2-Good; 3-Questionable, 4-Bad; 5-Not reported; 6-Duplicate; 9-Missing Values. Samples values that are not reported appear as -999 with the corresponding flag number 5.; Method reference: Strickland, J.D.H and Parsons, 1972. A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada. Bull. 1667 (2nd ed.) Ottawa. 310 pp.; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez. Parameter or Variable: Concentration of phosphate (PO4--) measured from discrete bottles; Abbreviation: Phosphate [umol/kg]; Unit: μmol/kg; Observation type: Discrete water sample; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Van Dorn Bottle; Analyzing instrument: Shimadzu 1601 and Shimadzu 1800 spectrophotometers; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples where preserved at 4degC for later analysis. Absorbance is measured at 885 nm in a double beam spectrophotometer in the UV-visible region. A calibration curve of potassium dihydrogen phosphate standard solutions is considered to determine the unknown concentrations of reactive phosphate in seawater solution.; Uncertainty: 0.08; Quality flag convention: 1-Not Analyzed; 2-Good; 3-Questionable, 4-Bad; 5-Not reported; 6-Duplicate; 9-Missing Values. Samples values that are not reported appear as -999 with the corresponding flag number 5.; Method reference: Strickland, J.D.H and Parsons, 1972. A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada. Bull. 1667 (2nd ed.) Ottawa. 310 pp.; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez. Parameter or Variable: Concentration of nitrate (NO3-) measured from discrete bottles; Abbreviation: Nitrate [umol/kg]; Unit: μmol/kg; Observation type: Discrete water sample; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Van Dorn Bottle; Analyzing instrument: Shimadzu 1601 and Shimadzu 1800 spectrophotometers; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples where preserved at 4degC for later analysis. Absorbance is measured at 543 nm in a double beam spectrophotometer in the UV-visible region. The concentration of nitrite is determined first. Afterwards, all the nitrate is reduced to nitrite to determine the concentration of nitrate and nitrite. Thus, the concentration of nitrate is determined by difference. A calibration curve of sodium nitrite standard solutions is considered to determine the unknown concentrations of reactive silicate in seawater solution.; Uncertainty: 0.5; Quality flag convention: 1-Not Analyzed; 2-Good; 3-Questionable, 4-Bad; 5-Not reported; 6-Duplicate; 9-Missing Values. Samples values that are not reported appear as -999 with the corresponding flag number 5.; Method reference: Strickland, J.D.H and Parsons, 1972. A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada. Bull. 1667 (2nd ed.) Ottawa. 310 pp.; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez .

Lineage information for: dataset

Processing Steps

Parameter or Variable: Dissolved Inorganic Carbon; Abbreviation: DIC; Unit: μmol/kg; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Van Dorn Bottle; Analyzing instrument: Apollo SciTech AS-C2 automated analyzer; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: DIC samples were analyzed at UNH by measuring the infrared absorption of the CO_2 released upon the acidification of the sample with 10% phosphoric acid using an Apollo SciTech AS-C2 automated DIC analyzer. The instrument and method precision as implemented was ±2 μmol kg-1.; Standardization frequency: Calibration is at the beginning of the day. Standard checks are done every 5 samples and at the end of the day.; CRM manufacturer: Andrew Dickson's laboratory at Scripps Institute of Oceanography; CRM batch number: Multiple Batches; Preservation method: Saturated Mercury Chloride (HgCl_2); Preservative volume: 25 uL; Uncertainty: 2; Researcher name: Joseph Salisbury; Researcher institution: University of New Hampshire.
Parameter or Variable: Total alkalinity; Abbreviation: TA; Unit: μmol/kg; Observation type: Discrete water sample; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Van Dorn Bottle; Analyzing instrument: Custom-built Gran titration system by Dr. Chirs Langdon for samples analyzed at UPRM (2009 - June 2014). Automated titrator with a Orion 3-Star pH electrode (Thermo Fisher Inc.) for samples analyzed at UNH (Jul 2014 - present).; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: PRM - The Dickson Certified Reference Materials were used to standardize the nominal 0.1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) titrant at a rate of 0.2515 uL per step. The uncertainty of the instrument and analytical methods as implemented were ± 1 -2 μmol kg-1 SW. UNH - TA is measuring by Gran titration with 0.1 N HCl using an automated titrator. The pH electrode use in the TA titration is an Orion 3-Star, Thermo Fisher Inc., calibrated using three low ionic strength pH buffers certified on the U.S. National Bureau of Standards (NBS) scale to ±0.01.; Standardization description: UPRM - 0.1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) was standarized with Dickson CRMs and sample triplicates. UNH- Calibrated with multiple batches of the Dickson CRM; Standardization frequency: UPRM - Calibration was at the beginning of the analysis. UNH - Calibration is at the beginning of the day. Standard checks are done every 5 samples and at the end of the day.; CRM manufacturer: Andrew Dickson's laboratory at Scripps Institute of Oceanography; CRM batch number: Multiple Batches; Preservation method: Saturated Mercury Chloride (HgCl_2); Preservative volume: 50 uL for 250 mL bottles, 25 uL for 125 bottles and 12 uL for 60 mL bottles; Uncertainty: UPRM from 1 to 2 μmol kg-1 and UNH between 3 to 4 μmol kg−1; Quality flag convention: 1-Not Analyzed; 2-Good; 3-Questionable, 4-Bad; 5-Not reported; 6-Duplicate; 9-Missing Values. Samples values that are not reported appear as -999 with the corresponding flag number 5.; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Joseph Salisbury; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez; University of New Hampshire.
Parameter or Variable: pH; Abbreviation: pH; pH scale: Total scale (T); Observation type: Discrete water sample; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Van Dorn Bottle; Analyzing instrument: Shimadzu 1601 and Shimadzu 1800 spectrophotometers; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: The pH analysis are accomplished within 24 hours of sampling, if not the sample is preserved with a saturated solution of mercury chloride. M-cresol purple is used as the indicator dye and absorbances are recorded at 434, 578 and 780 nm (2009-2016); and 434, 488 ,578 and 730-750 nm (2017-present). Methanol and distilled water are used to rinse between runs. The pH value is calculated considering the Henderson-Hasselbalch and Beer-Lambert Law equations, in-situ salinities and temperatures, laboratory temperature and extinction coefficients for the dye. Each sample is analyzed in triplicate in 10 cm pathlength quartz cylindrical cells with distilled water in the background over a wavelength range to 425 to 790 nm at 1.0 nm intervals.; Standardization description: none; Standardization frequency: none; pH standard values: none; Temperature of standardization: none; Temperature correction method: Liu, X., Patsavas, M.C., Byrne R.H. 2011. Purification and characterization of meta-cresol purple for spectrophotometric seawater pH measurements. Environ Sci Technol. 45(11), p. 4862-4868.; At what temperature was pH reported: in-situ temperature; Uncertainty: 0.003; Quality flag convention: 1-Not Analyzed; 2-Good; 3-Questionable, 4-Bad; 5-Not reported; 6-Duplicate; 9- Missing Value. Samples values that are not reported appear as -999 with the corresponding flag number 5.; Method reference: Dickson, A.G., Sabine, C.L. and Christian, J.R. (Eds.) 2007. Guide to best practices for ocean CO2 measurements. PICES Special Publication 3, 191 pp.; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez.
Parameter or Variable: Hydrostatic pressure recorded from CTD at the depth where the sample is taken; Abbreviation: CTDPRES [dbar]; Unit: dbar; Observation type: Profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: SBE25 CTD (SBE 29 strain gauge pressure sensor); Analyzing instrument: SeaTerm and SBE Data Processing; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Profile measurements are continually taken at a frequency of 8 hertz. Profiles are subject to the depth of the sampled site. Hexadecimal raw data is downloaded from the CTD using the Seaterm software and converted to comma separated values format with SBE Data Processing.; Uncertainty: 0.6; Quality flag convention: 1-Not Analyzed; 2-Good; 3-Questionable, 4-Bad; 5-Not reported; 6-Duplicate; 9-Missing Values. Samples values that are not reported appear as -999 with the corresponding flag number 5.; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez.
Parameter or Variable: Depth at which a sample is taken; Abbreviation: Depth [m]; Unit: METER; Observation type: profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: SBE25 CTD (SBE 29 strain gauge pressure sensor); Analyzing instrument: SeaTerm and SBE Data Processing; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Profile measurements are continually taken at a frequency of 8 hertz. Profiles are subject to the depth of the sampled site. Hexadecimal raw data is downloaded from the CTD using the Seaterm software and converted to comma separated values format with SBE Data Processing.; Uncertainty: 0.6; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez.
Parameter or Variable: Bottom water depth of the sampling station; Abbreviation: Depth_bottom [m]; Unit: METER; Observation type: PROFILE; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez.
Parameter or Variable: In situ temperature recorded from CTD on the ITS-90 scale.; Abbreviation: CTDTEMP_ITS90 [deg_C]; Unit: degree Celsius; Observation type: PROFILE; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: SBE25 CTD (SBE 3F temperature sensor); Analyzing instrument: SeaTerm and SBE Data Processing; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Profile measurements are continually taken at a frequency of 8 hertz. Profiles are subject to the depth of the sampled site. Hexadecimal raw data is downloaded from the CTD using the Seaterm software and converted to comma separated values format with SBE Data Processing.; Uncertainty: 0.001; Quality flag convention: 1-Not Analyzed; 2-Good; 3-Questionable, 4-Bad; 5-Not reported; 6-Duplicate; 9-Missing Values. Samples values that are not reported appear as -999 with the corresponding flag number 5.; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez.
Parameter or Variable: Salinity calculated from conductivity recorded with CTD using the equation of the Practical Salinity Scale of 1978.; Abbreviation: CTDSAL_PSS78; Unit: PSU; Observation type: profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: SBE25 CTD (SBE 4C conductivity sensor); Analyzing instrument: SeaTerm and SBE Data Processing; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Profile measurements are continually taken at a frequency of 8 hertz. Profiles are subject to the depth of the sampled site. Hexadecimal raw data is downloaded from the CTD using the Seaterm software and converted to comma separated values format with SBE Data Processing.; Uncertainty: 0.003; Quality flag convention: 1-Not Analyzed; 2-Good; 3-Questionable, 4-Bad; 5-Not reported; 6-Duplicate; 9-Missing Values. Samples values that are not reported appear as -999 with the corresponding flag number 5.; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez.
Parameter or Variable: Dissolved oxygen (O2) content measured from discrete-bottle-based Winkler titration; Abbreviation: Oxygen [umol/kg]; Unit: μmol/kg; Observation type: Discrete water sample; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Van Dorn Bottle; Analyzing instrument: Mettler Toledo DL50_Winkler; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: These DO samples are immediately analyzed by the Winkler method(Astor et al., 2013; Grasshoff et al., 2007).; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez.
Parameter or Variable: Concentration of silicate (Si(OH)4, H4SiO4, SiO2, Sil) measured from discrete; Abbreviation: Silicate [umol/kg]; Unit: μmol/kg; Observation type: Discrete water sample; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Van Dorn Bottle; Analyzing instrument: Shimadzu 1601 and Shimadzu 1800 spectrophotometers; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples where preserved at 4degC for later analysis. Absorbance is measured at 810 nm in a double beam spectrophotometer in the UV-visible region. A calibration curve of sodium silicofluoride standard solutions is considered to determine the unknown concentrations of reactive silicate in seawater solution.; Uncertainty: 0.25; Quality flag convention: 1-Not Analyzed; 2-Good; 3-Questionable, 4-Bad; 5-Not reported; 6-Duplicate; 9-Missing Values. Samples values that are not reported appear as -999 with the corresponding flag number 5.; Method reference: Strickland, J.D.H and Parsons, 1972. A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada. Bull. 1667 (2nd ed.) Ottawa. 310 pp.; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez.
Parameter or Variable: Concentration of phosphate (PO4--) measured from discrete bottles; Abbreviation: Phosphate [umol/kg]; Unit: μmol/kg; Observation type: Discrete water sample; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Van Dorn Bottle; Analyzing instrument: Shimadzu 1601 and Shimadzu 1800 spectrophotometers; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples where preserved at 4degC for later analysis. Absorbance is measured at 885 nm in a double beam spectrophotometer in the UV-visible region. A calibration curve of potassium dihydrogen phosphate standard solutions is considered to determine the unknown concentrations of reactive phosphate in seawater solution.; Uncertainty: 0.08; Quality flag convention: 1-Not Analyzed; 2-Good; 3-Questionable, 4-Bad; 5-Not reported; 6-Duplicate; 9-Missing Values. Samples values that are not reported appear as -999 with the corresponding flag number 5.; Method reference: Strickland, J.D.H and Parsons, 1972. A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada. Bull. 1667 (2nd ed.) Ottawa. 310 pp.; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez.
Parameter or Variable: Concentration of nitrate (NO3-) measured from discrete bottles; Abbreviation: Nitrate [umol/kg]; Unit: μmol/kg; Observation type: Discrete water sample; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Van Dorn Bottle; Analyzing instrument: Shimadzu 1601 and Shimadzu 1800 spectrophotometers; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples where preserved at 4degC for later analysis. Absorbance is measured at 543 nm in a double beam spectrophotometer in the UV-visible region. The concentration of nitrite is determined first. Afterwards, all the nitrate is reduced to nitrite to determine the concentration of nitrate and nitrite. Thus, the concentration of nitrate is determined by difference. A calibration curve of sodium nitrite standard solutions is considered to determine the unknown concentrations of reactive silicate in seawater solution.; Uncertainty: 0.5; Quality flag convention: 1-Not Analyzed; 2-Good; 3-Questionable, 4-Bad; 5-Not reported; 6-Duplicate; 9-Missing Values. Samples values that are not reported appear as -999 with the corresponding flag number 5.; Method reference: Strickland, J.D.H and Parsons, 1972. A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada. Bull. 1667 (2nd ed.) Ottawa. 310 pp.; Researcher name: Julio Morell; Researcher institution: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez .

Acquisition Information (collection)
Instrument	CTD

Last Modified: 2024-02-12T12:42:29Z
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Dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, pH, phosphate and other variables collected from surface discrete observations in the southwest coast of Puerto Rico from 2009-01-16 to 2022-04-22 (NCEI Accession 0284746)

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