January 15, 2022 Tonga Tsunami

NOAA DART®, NOAA/NOS/CO-OPS and NOAA/NESDIS/STAR Satellite Altimeter Data

On 2022/01/15, a major explosive eruption from Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai in Tonga occurred. The volcano had been actively erupting since 20 Dec 2021.

This page provides data from the Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunami (DART®) buoys and processed NOAA/NOS/CO-OPS coastal tide-gauge stations, and two altimeter tracks from the Jason-3 satellite. Files with DART® and tide gauge data contain raw observations, fitted tidal components, and residual tide values. The DART® data are the real-time water level data (in meters) as recorded by the Bottom Pressure Recorder (BPR) in extended-reporting mode containing measurement types of 15 minutes, 1 minute, and 15 seconds. Real-time data were extracted from the National Data Buoy Center. Files with satellite altimeter data contain tracks’ coordinates, raw and filtered sea surface height anomalies (SSHA) and sampled times. A two-level median filter was used to suppress significant spikes not affecting other observations.

Below are links to individual data files under column Data. The columns in those files are as follows: Time is in Julian days from the beginning of the year, Year, Month, Day, Hours, Minutes, Seconds, Raw Observations, Fitted tidal component, and computed residuals in meters water column.
Details on the data processing methods.

Figure 1. DART stations (green triangles) and theoretical tsunami (long wave) travel time (TTT) map. The contour intervals for the TTT is 1 hour. Blue star represents the location of Hunga Tonga - Hunga Ha'apai volcano. (Source: Gusman, A.R. and Roger, J., GNS Science)

The Jason-3 mission Interim Geophysical Data Records (IGDR) are archived and distributed by NCEI's Jason Mission Project with the user's handbook, including information about the Jason-3 satellite, its mission, ground tracks, data, etc.

Satellite, cycle number, pass number

  • Jason-3, cycle 218, pass 186: Data | Plot
  • Jason-3, cycle 218, pass 191: Data | Plot

Credit: Yongsheng Zang, NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI/OGSSD/Surface Oceanography Section

Sea surface height anomalies (SSHA) taken from Jason-3 satellite - cycle 218, pass 186. The satellite is moving from the left to the right side of the track.
Figure 3. Sea surface height anomalies (SSHA) taken from Jason-3 satellite - cycle 218, pass 191.

Data Table
Station number Station name and location Latitude [deg] Longitude [deg] Data [m] Plot
21413 690 NM SE of Tokyo, Japan 30.5170 152.1230 * *
21415 175 NM S of Attu, Alaska 50.1530 171.8970 * *
21416 240 NM SE of Kamchatka Peninsula 48.1216 163.4209 * *
21418 450 NM NE of Tokyo, Japan 38.7667 148.6525 * *
21419 209 NM SE of Kuril Islands 44.4011 155.6534 * *
21420 260 NM SE of Miyazaki, Japan 28.8891 135.0194 * *

Data Table
Station number Station name and location Latitude [deg] Longitude [deg] Data [m] Plot
32401 180 NM West of Iquique, Chile -20.4686 -73.4328 * *
32402 off the Coast of Caldera, Chile -26.7502 -73.9905 * *
32403 off the Coast of Chile -23.1623 -72.0467 * *
32404 off the Coast of Chile -32.1267 -73.7863 * *
32411 710 NM WSW of Panama City, Panama 4.9542 -90.8658 * *
32413 1000 NM WNW of Lima, Peru -7.4262 -93.4812 * *
43412 240 NM SW of Manzanillo, Mexico 16.0015 -106.9863 * *

Data Table
Station number Station name and location Latitude [deg] Longitude [deg] Data [m] Plot
46402 240 NM South of Dutch Harbor, AK 50.9783 -163.9483 * *
46403 230 NM SE of Shumagin Island, AK 52.6633 -156.7783 * *
46408 NW Pacific South of AK 49.6519 -169.8944 * *
46409 240 NM SE of Kodiak, AK 55.3092 -148.5407 * *
46414 160 NM SE of Chirikof Island, AK 53.7255 -152.4833 * *
46415 370 NM SW of Juneau, AK 58.9747 -139.9403 * *

Data Table
Station number Station name and location Latitude [deg] Longitude [deg] Data [m] Plot
46404 230 NM West of Astoria, OR 45.8483 -128.7750 * *
46407 210 NM West of Coos Bay, OR 42.7083 -127.8250 * *
46411 150 NM West of Mendocino Bay, CA 39.3417 -127.0744 * *
46416 442 NM West of Vancouver, BC Canada 49.9007 -134.4055 * *

Data Table
Station number Station name and location Latitude [deg] Longitude [deg] Data [m] Plot
51407 140 NM Southeast of Honolulu, HI 19.5583 -156.5358 * *

Data Table
Station number Station name and location Latitude [deg] Longitude [deg] Data [m] Plot
51425 370 NM NW of Apia, Samoa -9.5092 -176.2586 * *
52401 610 NM NE of Saipan 19.2395 155.7293 * *
52402 790 NM NW of Kwajalein 11.9303 153.9228 * *
52403 430 NM SW of Truk 4.0358 145.6083 * *
52404 760 NM NE of Manila, Philippines 20.6267 132.1447 * *
52405 740 NM West of Agana, Guam 12.9890 132.2395 * *
52406 450 NM NE of the Guadalcanal -5.3737 164.9910 * *

Data Table
Station number Station name and location Latitude [deg] Longitude [deg] Data [m] Plot
42409 300 NM SE of New Orleans, LA 25.9008 -89.2847 * *

Data Table
Station number Station name and location Latitude [deg] Longitude [deg] Data [m] Plot
44402 136 NM SE of Fire Island, NY 39.2883 -70.6333 * *
44403 Sable Island Bank, 437 NM E of Boston, MA 41.9080 -61.6381 * *

Data Table
Station number Station name and location Latitude [deg] Longitude [deg] Data [m] Plot
1611400 Nawiliwili, HI 21.9544 -159.3561 * *
1612340 Honolulu, HI 21.3067 -157.8670 * *
1612480 Mokuoloe, HI 21.4331 -157.7900 * *
1615680 Kahului Harbor, HI 21.4331 -156.4767 * *
1617433 Kawaihae, HI 20.0366 -155.8294 * *
1617760 Hilo Bay, HI 19.7303 -155.0558 * *
1619910 Sand I., Midway group 28.2117 -177.3600 * *
1630000 Apra Harbor, Guam 13.4387 144.6539 * *
1631428 Pago Bay (Guam) 13.4283 144.7970 * *
1770000 Pago Pago, American Samoa -14.2800 -170.6900 * *
1820000 Kwajalein (Marshall I.) 8.7316 167.7362 * *
1890000 Wake Island (Pacific) 19.2907 166.6176 * *

Data Table
Station number Station name and location Latitude [deg] Longitude [deg] Data [m] Plot
1611408 Nawiliwili, Kauai, HI 21.9544 -159.3561 * *
1611691 Hanalei, Kauai, HI 22.2125 -159.4982 * *
1612352 Makapu'u, O'ahu, HI 21.3199 -157.6688 * *
1612647 Haleiwa, HI 21.593 -158.1055 * *
1614465 Kaumalapau, Lanai, HI 20.7867 -156.9908 * *
1617180 Honokohau, HI 19.6689 -156.0235 * *
1617720 Mahu, Kona, HI 20.1843 -155.901 * *
1617725 Laupahoehoe, HI 19.9921 -155.2401 * *
1618578 Honuapo, HI 19.0845 -155.5509 * *

Data Table
Station number Station name and location Latitude [deg] Longitude [deg] Data [m] Plot
9410170 San Diego, CA 32.7142 -117.1736 * *
9410230 La Jolla, CA 32.8669 -117.2571 * *
9410660 Los Angeles, CA 33.7199 -118.2729 * *
9410840 Santa Monica, CA 34.0075 -118.4997 * *
9411340 Santa Barbara, CA 34.4083 -119.6850 * *
9412110 Port San Luis, CA 35.1688 -120.7542 * *
9413450 Monterey, CA 36.6051 -121.8893 * *
9414290 San Francisco, CA 37.8063 -122.4659 * *
9414523 Redwood City, CA 37.5067 -122.2100 * *
9414750 Alameda, CA 37.7717 -122.3000 * *
9414863 Richmond, CA 37.9230 -122.4096 * *
9415020 Point Reyes, CA 37.9961 -122.9767 * *
9416841 Arena Cove, CA 38.9146 -123.7111 * *
9418767 Humboldt Bay (Eureka) 40.7664 -124.2172 * *
9419750 Crescent City, CA 41.7456 -124.1844 * *
9431647 Port Orford, OR 42.7390 -124.4983 * *
9432780 Charleston, OR 43.3333 -124.3167 * *
9435380 South Beach (Newport), OR 44.6254 -124.0449 * *
9437540 Garibaldi, OR 45.5545 -123.9189 * *
9439040 Astoria, OR 46.2073 -123.7683 * *
9440581 Cape Disappointment, WA 46.2811 -124.0461 * *
9440910 Toke Point, WA 46.7075 -123.9665 * *
9441102 Westport, WA 46.9043 -124.1051 * *
9442396 La Push, WA 47.9133 -124.6370 * *
9443090 Neah Bay, WA 48.3703 -124.6019 * *
9444090 Port Angeles, WA 48.1247 -123.4411 * *
9446484 Takoma, WA 47.2667 -122.4133 * *
9449880 Friday Harbor, WA, Juan de Fuca 48.5453 -123.0128 * *

Data Table
Station number Station name and location Latitude [deg] Longitude [deg] Data [m] Plot
9410170 San Diego, CA 32.7142 -117.1736 * *
9410230 La Jolla, CA 32.8669 -117.2571 * *
9410660 Los Angeles, CA 33.7199 -118.2729 * *
9410840 Santa Monica, CA 34.0075 -118.4997 * *
9411340 Santa Barbara, CA 34.4083 -119.6850 * *
9412110 Port San Luis, CA 35.1688 -120.7542 * *
9413450 Monterey, CA 36.6051 -121.8893 * *
9414290 San Francisco, CA 37.8063 -122.4659 * *
9414523 Redwood City, CA 37.5067 -122.2100 * *
9414750 Alameda, CA 37.7717 -122.3000 * *
9414863 Richmond, CA 37.9230 -122.4096 * *
9415020 Point Reyes, CA 37.9961 -122.9767 * *
9416841 Arena Cove, CA 38.9146 -123.7111 * *
9418767 Humboldt Bay (Eureka) 40.7664 -124.2172 * *
9419750 Crescent City, CA 41.7456 -124.1844 * *
9431647 Port Orford, OR 42.7390 -124.4983 * *
9432780 Charleston, OR 43.3333 -124.3167 * *
9435380 South Beach (Newport), OR 44.6254 -124.0449 * *
9437540 Garibaldi, OR 45.5545 -123.9189 * *
9439040 Astoria, OR 46.2073 -123.7683 * *
9440581 Cape Disappointment, WA 46.2811 -124.0461 * *
9440910 Toke Point, WA 46.7075 -123.9665 * *
9441102 Westport, WA 46.9043 -124.1051 * *
9442396 La Push, WA 47.9133 -124.6370 * *
9443090 Neah Bay, WA 48.3703 -124.6019 * *
9444090 Port Angeles, WA 48.1247 -123.4411 * *
9446484 Takoma, WA 47.2667 -122.4133 * *
9449880 Friday Harbor, WA, Juan de Fuca 48.5453 -123.0128 * *

Data Table
Station number Station name and location Latitude [deg] Longitude [deg] Data [m] Plot
9751364 Christiansted Harbor (St Croix) 17.7500 -64.7050 * *
9751401 Lime Tree Bay, US Virgin Islands 17.6947 -64.7538 * *
9751639 Charlotte Amalie, St Thomas 18.3358 -64.9200 * *
9752235 Culebra, Puerto Rico 18.3000 -65.3017 * *
9752695 Esperanza, Vieques Island 18.0939 -65.4714 * *
9755371 San Juan, Puerto Rico 18.4589 -66.1164 * *
9759394 Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 18.2200 -67.1600 * *