2025 ranked as the third-warmest year in NOAA’s 176-year record, with a global surface temperature 2.11°F (1.17°C) higher than the 20th-century baseline.
The Global Forecast System (GFS) is a National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) weather forecast model that generates data for dozens of atmospheric and land-soil variables, including temperatures, winds, precipitation, soil moisture, and atmospheric ozone concentration. The system
On March 11, 2011, a magnitude 9.1 earthquake struck off the northeast coast of Honshu, Japan, generating a deadly tsunami.
The U.S. Climate Normals are a large suite of data products that provide information about typical climate conditions for thousands of locations across the United States. Normals act both as a ruler to compare today’s weather and tomorrow’s forecast, and as a predictor of conditions in the near
The Global Historical Climatology Network daily (GHCNd) is an integrated database of daily climate summaries from land surface stations across the globe. GHCNd is made up of daily climate records from numerous sources that have been integrated and subjected to a common suite of quality assurance
Meteorologists and climatologists define seasons differently from “regular” or astronomical spring, summer, fall, and winter.
The Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) system is a network of 160 high-resolution S-band Doppler weather radars jointly operated by the National Weather Service (NWS), the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), and the U.S. Air Force. The NEXRAD system detects precipitation and wind, and its
Learn about how and why the geomagnetic poles move, and access pole location data from 1590–2025.
On March 27, 1964, the largest recorded earthquake in U.S. history struck Alaska’s Prince William Sound.
Though climate and weather are closely related, they aren't the same thing. The main difference between the two is time.
The World Magnetic Model (WMM) is the standard model for navigation, attitude, and heading referencing systems that use the geomagnetic field. The WMM is also used for civilian applications, including navigation and heading systems. A new version of the model is updated every five years to address
Annual temperatures across the contiguous U.S. (CONUS) averaged 54.6°F in 2025, which was 2.6°F above the 20th-century average and ranked as the fourth-warmest year in the 131-year record.
An explosive eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano in the Kingdom of Tonga on January 15, 2022 triggered deadly and damaging tsunami waves.
The NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) provides multiple Space Weather Products including Forecasts, Reports, Summaries, Alerts, Models, and real-time data. NCEI archives and provides access to some SWPC data products for retrospective users. This video is of the WSA-Enlil prediction model
The State of the Climate report is an international, peer-reviewed publication released each summer to provide an authoritative and comprehensive annual summary of the global climate system. The report is published as a supplement to the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (BAMS).