The NOAA Merged Land Ocean Global Surface Temperature Analysis (NOAAGlobalTemp, formerly known as MLOST) combines long-term sea surface (water) temperature (SST) and land surface (air) temperature datasets to create a complete, accurate depiction of global temperature trends. The dataset is used to support climate monitoring activities such as the Monthly Global Climate Assessment, and also provides input data for a number of climate models.
Methodology
To achieve global temperature coverage, NOAAGlobalTemp combines the Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature (ERSST) with a land surface air temperature dataset that uses data from the Global Historical Climatology Network monthly (GHCNm) database. Data is available as a series of temperature anomalies relative to a 1971–2000 monthly climatology, following the World Meteorological organization convention.
Version 5
Updates
Version 5 incorporates upgraded versions of ERSST and GHCN-M for increased land and ocean spatial coverage, and improved treatment of historical changes in observing practice.
Input Datasets
- ERSST v5
- GHCNm v4
Data
Gridded
Monthly data are available in netCDF format, from which data can also be downloaded in ASCII format on THREDDS.
Time Series
Monthly and annual land–ocean temperature time series as well as land-only and ocean-only time series are available from 1880 to present for several zonal bands.
Climate at a Glance
This interactive tool provides global charts and graphics using NOAAGlobalTemp data.
Paper Citation
- Huang, B., M. J. Menne, T. Boyer, E. Freeman, B. E. Gleason, J. H. Lawrimore, C. Liu, J. J. Rennie, C. Schreck, F. Sun, R. Vose, C. N. Williams, X. Yin, H.-M. Zhang, 2020: Uncertainty estimates for sea surface temperature and land surface air temperature in NOAAGlobalTemp version 5. , J. Climate, 33, 1351-1379, DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0395.1.
- Zhang, Huai-Min, Jay H. Lawrimore, Boyin Huang, Matthew J. Menne, Xungang Yin, Ahira Sȧnchez-Lugo, Byron E. Gleason, Russell Vose, Derek Arndt, J. Jared Rennie, and Claude N. Williams. (2019) "Updated Temperature Data Give a Sharper View of Climate Trends." Eos, 100, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EO128229. Published on 19 July 2019.
Data Citation
Zhang, H.-M., B. Huang, J. Lawrimore, M. Menne, Thomas M. Smith, NOAA Global Surface Temperature Dataset (NOAAGlobalTemp), Version 5 [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. doi:10.25921/9qth-2p70 [access date].
Version 4
Input Datasets
- ERSST v4
- GHCN-M v3.3.0
Global Gridded 5° Data ASCII Time Series
Data Citation
Zhang, H.-M., B. Huang, J. Lawrimore, M. Menne, Thomas M. Smith, NOAA Global Surface Temperature Dataset (NOAAGlobalTemp), Version 4.0 [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. doi:10.7289/V5FN144H [access date].
Contact Info
- Huai-Min Zhang: huai-min.zhang@noaa.gov
- Boyin Huang: boyin.huang@noaa.gov
- Jay Lawrimore: jay.lawrimore@noaa.gov
Specifications
- Data Sources:
- Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature (ERSST), Global Historical Climatology Network monthly (GHCNm)
- Spatial Coverage:
- 5° × 5°
- Time Frame:
- 1880–Present
Resources
- Updated Temperature Data Give a Sharper View of Climate Trends
- NOAA's Merged Land–Ocean Surface Temperature Analysis
References
Smith, T.M., R.W. Reynolds, T.C. Peterson, and J. Lawrimore, 2008: Improvements to NOAA's historical merged land–ocean surface temperatures analysis (1880–2006); Journal of Climate, 21, 2283–2296, doi:10.1175/2007JCLI2100.1.
Vose, R.S., D. Arndt, V.F. Banzon, D.R. Easterling, B. Gleason, B. Huang, E. Kearns, J.H. Lawrimore, M.J. Menne, T.C. Peterson, R.W. Reynolds, T.M. Smith, C.N. Williams, Jr., and D.L. Wuertz, 2012: NOAA's merged land-ocean surface temperature analysis. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 93, 1677–1685, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00241.1.
Zhang, Huai-Min, Jay H. Lawrimore, Boyin Huang, Matthew J. Menne, Xungang Yin, Ahira Sánchez-Lugo, Byron E. Gleason, Russell Vose, Derek Arndt, J. Jared Rennie, Claude N. Williams, 2019: The NOAA Global Surface Temperature Dataset Version 5: Employing Improved Data Coverage and Historical Homogenization. AGU Eos (in press).
Reference Citation: Zhang, Huai-Min, Jay H. Lawrimore, Boyin Huang, Matthew J. Menne, Xungang Yin, Ahira Sȧnchez-Lugo, Byron E. Gleason, Russell Vose, Derek Arndt, J. Jared Rennie, and Claude N. Williams. (2019) "Updated Temperature Data Give a Sharper View of Climate Trends." Eos, 100, doi:10.1029/2019EO128229. Published on 19 July 2019.
Cite dataset when used as a source. See the dataset's DOI landing page for citation details at doi:10.7289/V5FN144H.